Mudri Nurul Huda, Abdullah Luqman Chuah, Aung Min Min, Salleh Mek Zah, Awang Biak Dayang Radiah, Rayung Marwah
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Radiation Processing Technology Division, Malaysian Nuclear Agency, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Jul 3;12(7):1494. doi: 10.3390/polym12071494.
Crude jatropha oil (JO) was modified to form jatropha oil-based polyol (JOL) via two steps in a chemical reaction known as epoxidation and hydroxylation. JOL was then reacted with isocyanates to produce JO-based polyurethane resin. In this study, two types of isocyanates, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were introduced to produce JPUA-TDI and JPUA-IPDI respectively. 2,4-TDI is categorised as an aromatic isocyanate whilst IPDI is known as a cycloaliphatic isocyanate. Both JPUA-TDI and JPUA-IPDI were then end-capped by the acrylate functional group of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). The effects of that isocyanate structure were investigated for their physico, chemical and thermal properties. The changes of the functional groups during each synthesis step were monitored by FTIR analysis. The appearance of urethane peaks was observed at 1532 cm, 1718 cm and 3369 cm while acrylate peaks were detected at 815 cm and 1663 cm indicating that JPUA was successfully synthesised. It was found that the molar mass of JPUA-TDI was doubled compared to JPUA-IPDI. Each resin showed a similar degradation pattern analysed by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). For the mechanical properties, the JPUA-IPDI-based coating formulation exhibited a higher hardness value but poor adhesion compared to the JPUA-TDI-based coating formulation. Both types of jatropha-based polyurethane acrylate may potentially be used in an ultraviolet (UV) curing system specifically for clear coat surface applications to replace dependency on petroleum-based chemicals.
粗麻风树油（JO）通过环氧化和羟基化两步化学反应改性形成麻风树油基多元醇（JOL）。然后使JOL与异氰酸酯反应生成基于JO的聚氨酯树脂。在本研究中，引入了两种异氰酸酯，即2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯（2,4-TDI）和异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI），分别制备JPUA-TDI和JPUA-IPDI。2,4-TDI属于芳香族异氰酸酯，而IPDI是脂环族异氰酸酯。然后用甲基丙烯酸2-羟乙酯（HEMA）的丙烯酸酯官能团对JPUA-TDI和JPUA-IPDI进行封端。研究了异氰酸酯结构对其物理、化学和热性能的影响。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析监测每个合成步骤中官能团的变化。在1532 cm、1718 cm和3369 cm处观察到聚氨酯峰的出现，而在815 cm和1663 cm处检测到丙烯酸酯峰，表明成功合成了JPUA。发现JPUA-TDI的摩尔质量是JPUA-IPDI的两倍。通过热重分析（TGA）分析发现，每种树脂都呈现出相似的降解模式。在机械性能方面，与基于JPUA-TDI的涂料配方相比，基于JPUA-IPDI的涂料配方表现出更高的硬度值，但附着力较差。两种类型的麻风树基聚氨酯丙烯酸酯都有可能用于紫外线（UV）固化体系，特别是用于清漆表面应用，以取代对石油基化学品的依赖。
