Calabrò Giovanna Elisa, Tognetto Alessia, Carini Elettra, Mancinelli Silvia, Sarnari Laura, Colamesta Vittoria, Ricciardi Walter, de Waure Chiara
Section of Hygiene, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
VIHTALI (Value In Health Technology and Academy for Leadership & Innovation), Spin-Off of Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2020 Jul 4;8(3):358. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8030358.
The World Health Organization (WHO), the United States (US) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the European Center for Disease Control (ECDC), and the immunization guidelines of many countries issue vaccination recommendations for adults and the elderly. However, the uptake of vaccination in these groups is generally low due to several reasons. The present study aimed to identify strategies implemented in Italy in unconventional settings to promote vaccination against influenza, pneumococcal, and herpes zoster virus (HZV) infections among these subjects, i.e., the at-risk adult population and the elderly. We conducted a literature review and a survey of experts. The literature search yielded seven strategies; all of these concerned influenza vaccination, while three also addressed pneumococcal and HZV vaccination. The survey of experts identified 15 strategies; 10 regarded influenza vaccination, while four regarded pneumococcal vaccination and one regarded HZV vaccination. Most of the strategies were implemented in hospital clinics and rest homes. Regarding influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations, the target population mainly comprised at-risk adults, while the elderly represented the main target population for HZV vaccination. Our results show that, in Italy, there are initiatives aimed at promoting vaccination in unconventional settings, but further efforts are required to assess their effectiveness and to further extend them.
世界卫生组织（WHO）、美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）、欧洲疾病控制中心（ECDC）以及许多国家的免疫指南都发布了针对成年人和老年人的疫苗接种建议。然而，由于多种原因，这些人群的疫苗接种率普遍较低。本研究旨在确定意大利在非传统环境中实施的策略，以促进这些人群（即高危成年人群和老年人）预防流感、肺炎球菌和带状疱疹病毒（HZV）感染的疫苗接种。我们进行了文献综述和专家调查。文献检索得出了七种策略；所有这些都涉及流感疫苗接种，其中三种还涉及肺炎球菌和HZV疫苗接种。专家调查确定了15种策略；10种涉及流感疫苗接种，4种涉及肺炎球菌疫苗接种，1种涉及HZV疫苗接种。大多数策略在医院诊所和养老院实施。关于流感和肺炎球菌疫苗接种，目标人群主要包括高危成年人，而老年人是HZV疫苗接种的主要目标人群。我们的结果表明，在意大利，有旨在促进非传统环境中疫苗接种的举措，但需要进一步努力评估其有效性并进一步推广。
