多哥中卡拉地区用于治疗寄生虫病的植物的民族植物学调查、驱虫效果和细胞毒性。
Ethnobotanical survey, anthelmintic effects and cytotoxicity of plants used for treatment of helminthiasis in the Central and Kara regions of Togo.
机构信息
Ecole Supérieure des Techniques Biologiques et Alimentaires (ESTBA)/Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Contrôle de Qualité des Denrées Alimentaires/Unité de Recherche en Immunologie et Immunomodulation (UR2IM), Université de Lomé, 01 BP 1515, Lomé, Togo.
Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (IMMIP), University Hospital Bonn (UKB), Bonn, Germany.
出版信息
BMC Complement Med Ther. 2020 Jul 7;20(1):212. doi: 10.1186/s12906-020-03008-0.
BACKGROUND
Traditional medicines are the main source of treatment of helminthiasis in endemic areas of Togo. The present study aimed to investigate the plants used by Traditional healers (THs) to treat helminth infections in endemic communities within the Central and Kara regions of Togo and to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of the three most cited plants.
METHODS
An ethnobotanical survey was conducted from 19 to 24 June 2017 among traditional healers in the Central and Kara regions of Togo. The anthelmintic activity of the most cited plants namely Aframomum melegueta K. Schum, Khaya senegalensis A. Juss and Xylopia aethiopica A. Rich, was evaluated using microfilariae (Mf) of Litomosoides sigmodontis. The plants were evaluated for cytotoxicity according to the recommendation of NF EN ISO 10993-5 standard using the propidium iodide (PI) dye by flow cytometry on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
RESULTS
A total of 197 THs were interviewed and 41 plant species were recorded. Leguminosae (14.6%) and Annonaceae (9.7%) families constitute the highest number of species cited for treatment of helminth infections. Afromomum melegueta was the most cited by the THs for the treatment of onchocerciasis (UV = 0.036) while X. aethiopica was associated with the treatment of schistosomiasis (UV = 0.061) and lymphatic filariasis (UV = 0.061). There was a great agreement among the THs regarding ethnomedicinal uses of plants to treat helminthiasis with ICF values ranging from 0.57 to 0.67. The anthelmintic assay yielded lethal doses values of 233 μg/mL, 265 μg/mL and 550 μg/mL, respectively for X. aethiopica, A. melegueta and K. senegalensis. Afromomum melegueta and X. aethiopica presented no cytotoxicity, less than 20% death, whereas K. senegalensis induced moderate toxicity, 24 ± 8% death.
CONCLUSION
This study demonstrated the scientific rationale for the use of plants to treat helminthiasis in the Togolese traditional medicine. However, the use of K. senegalensis requires more caution since the plant is fairly toxic.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
NA.
背景
传统药物是多哥流行地区治疗寄生虫病的主要来源。本研究旨在调查多哥中部和卡拉地区的传统治疗师（THs）用于治疗寄生虫感染的植物，并评估三种被引用最多的植物的驱虫活性。
方法
2017 年 6 月 19 日至 24 日，在多哥中部和卡拉地区对传统治疗师进行了一项民族植物学调查。使用利什曼原虫（Litomosoides sigmodontis）微丝蚴（Mf）评估最常被引用的三种植物，即 Amomum melegueta K. Schum、Khaya senegalensis A. Juss 和 Xylopia aethiopica A. Rich 的驱虫活性。根据 NF EN ISO 10993-5 标准的建议，使用碘化丙啶（PI）染料通过流式细胞术对人外周血单核细胞进行细胞毒性评估。
结果
共采访了 197 名 THs，记录了 41 种植物。豆科（14.6%）和番荔枝科（9.7%）是治疗寄生虫感染引用最多的物种。Afromomum melegueta 是 THs 治疗盘尾丝虫病（UV=0.036）的最常用药物，而 X. aethiopica 与治疗血吸虫病（UV=0.061）和淋巴丝虫病（UV=0.061）有关。THs 对植物治疗寄生虫病的民间医学用途非常一致，ICF 值在 0.57 至 0.67 之间。驱虫试验分别产生了 X. aethiopica、A. melegueta 和 K. senegalensis 的致死剂量值 233μg/mL、265μg/mL 和 550μg/mL。Afromomum melegueta 和 X. aethiopica 没有表现出细胞毒性，死亡率低于 20%，而 K. senegalensis 则引起中度毒性，死亡率为 24±8%。
结论
本研究证明了多哥传统医学中使用植物治疗寄生虫病的科学合理性。然而，由于该植物毒性相当大，因此使用 K. senegalensis 需要更加小心。
试验注册
无。
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