Mohammedhussein Mustefa, Alenko Arefayne, Tessema Worknesh, Mamaru Almaz
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Public Health and Medical Science, Mettu University, Mettu, Ethiopia.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Science, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020 Apr 28;16:1095-1104. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S249431. eCollection 2020.
Depression and anxiety are the most commonly occurring psychiatric comorbidities among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Co-occurring anxiety and depression in PTB patients result in poor adherence to anti-tuberculosis medication. This in turn results in lower success rate of treatment and an upsurge in morbidity and mortality. Despite this problem existing globally, little has been explored in southwest Ethiopia.
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression and anxiety among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis receiving treatment at public health facilities in southwest Ethiopia.
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2019. Data were collected from 410 PTB patients using hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23 were used to enter and analyze data respectively. Multiple logistic regressions were fitted to identify the strength of association between outcome and explanatory variables. P <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Prevalence of depression and anxiety among PTB patients were 229 (55.9 %) and 224 (54.6%), respectively. High perceived stress [AOR=3.61 (1.99, 6.53)], perceived stigma [AOR=10.13 (5.52, 18.63)], being in an intensive phase of treatment [AOR= 3.33 (1.83, 6.07)], and low body mass index [AOR=2.07 (1.13, 3.80)] were significantly associated with depression. Being female [AOR=2.42 (1.39, 4.22)], perceived stigma [AOR=3.58 (1.99, 6.42)], high perceived stress [AOR=4.40 (2.52, 7.69)], and family history of mental illness [AOR=2.66 (1.19, 5.94)] had significant association with anxiety.
More than half of the study participants were found to have probable depression and anxiety. This indicates the need to pay attention to the mental health condition of patients with PTB, particularly to those with identified risk factors.
抑郁症和焦虑症是肺结核（PTB）患者中最常见的精神科合并症。PTB患者同时存在焦虑和抑郁会导致抗结核药物治疗依从性差。这进而导致治疗成功率降低，发病率和死亡率上升。尽管这个问题在全球范围内都存在，但在埃塞俄比亚西南部却鲜有研究。
本研究旨在评估在埃塞俄比亚西南部公共卫生机构接受治疗的肺结核患者中抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率及相关因素。
2019年4月至5月进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。使用医院焦虑抑郁量表（HADS）从410例PTB患者中收集数据。分别使用Epi data 3.1版和SPSS 23版录入和分析数据。采用多重逻辑回归来确定结果变量与解释变量之间的关联强度。P<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
PTB患者中抑郁症和焦虑症的患病率分别为229例（55.9%）和224例（54.6%）。高感知压力[AOR=3.61（1.99，6.53）]、感知耻辱感[AOR=10.13（5.52，18.63）]、处于强化治疗阶段[AOR=3.33（1.83，6.07）]和低体重指数[AOR=2.07（1.13，3.80）]与抑郁症显著相关。女性[AOR=2.42（1.39，4.22）]、感知耻辱感[AOR=3.58（1.99，6.42）]、高感知压力[AOR=4.40（2.52，7.69）]和精神疾病家族史[AOR=2.66（1.19，5.94）]与焦虑症显著相关。
超过一半的研究参与者被发现可能患有抑郁症和焦虑症。这表明需要关注PTB患者的心理健康状况，特别是那些具有已确定风险因素的患者。
