在埃塞俄比亚东部，肺结核患者中抑郁症的患病率及其相关因素。
Prevalence and associated factors of depression among tuberculosis patients in Eastern Ethiopia.
机构信息
Haramaya University, College of Health and Medical Sciences, P.O.Box-235, Harar, Ethiopia.
Haramaya University, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, P.O.Box-138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Mar 1;19(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2042-6.
BACKGROUND
Depression among tuberculosis patients, especially in settings with low economic status is common. Screening for depression in all levels of health facilities can identify patients who need support and treatment for depression.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of depression among tuberculosis patients in Eastern Ethiopia.
METHODS
An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 tuberculosis patients attending in eleven tuberculosis treatment centers in eastern Ethiopia from February to July 2017. Depression was measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire. Data was collected consecutively until the required sample size was obtained. Tuberclusis patients who were under anti tuberculosis treatments for more than one month were included. Data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to identify independent factors for dependent variable depression and P-values < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
RESULTS
A total of 403 tuberculosis patients were included in the study. The prevalence of depression among tuberculosis patients was 51.9% (95%CI = 42.7, 62.2%) with 34.2% were mild cases. In our logistic regression analysis, odds of developing depression among tuberculosis patients with age less than 25 years were 0.5(50% protective effect) [AOR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.26-0.99] where as patients with a monthly income within the 25percentile were four times higher odds to have depression [AOR = 3.98, 95% CI: 2.15-7.39].
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of depression was high in this study. Age, low monthly income, the category of patients as "new tuberculosis treatment" and the first 3 months of treatment was associated with depression among tuberculosis patients. Health facilities should integrating mental health services with tuberculosis clinics, especially assessing and treating TB patients for depression, is vital.
背景
结核病患者中存在抑郁的现象十分常见，尤其是在经济欠发达地区。在各级医疗机构中对抑郁进行筛查可以发现需要对抑郁进行支持和治疗的患者。
目的
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东部结核病患者中抑郁的流行情况及其相关因素。
方法
这是一项在 2017 年 2 月至 7 月期间于埃塞俄比亚东部的 11 个结核病治疗中心进行的基于机构的横断面研究。使用患者健康问卷来评估抑郁情况。连续采集数据，直到获得所需的样本量。将正在接受抗结核治疗且治疗时间超过 1 个月的结核病患者纳入研究。采用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）版本 20 对数据进行分析。应用二变量和多变量逻辑回归模型来确定与因变量抑郁相关的独立因素，p 值<0.05 认为具有统计学意义。
结果
共有 403 名结核病患者纳入研究。结核病患者的抑郁患病率为 51.9%（95%CI=42.7, 62.2%），其中 34.2%为轻度病例。在我们的逻辑回归分析中，年龄小于 25 岁的结核病患者发生抑郁的几率为 0.5（50%的保护作用）[比值比（AOR）=0.5，95%置信区间（CI）0.26-0.99]，而月收入处于 25%分位数以下的患者发生抑郁的几率则高出 4 倍[AOR=3.98，95%CI：2.15-7.39]。
结论
本研究中抑郁的流行率较高。年龄、低月收入、“新结核病治疗”患者类别以及治疗的前 3 个月与结核病患者的抑郁相关。将精神卫生服务与结核病诊所相结合对于结核病患者的心理健康至关重要，尤其是评估和治疗结核病患者的抑郁症状。
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