Ohnishi Yukinosuke, Kawashima Tomokazu
Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2020 Jun 19;11:871. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00871. eCollection 2020.
Flowering plant zygotes possess complete developmental potency, and the mixture of male and female genetic and cytosolic materials in the zygote is a trigger to initiate embryo development. Plasmogamy, the fusion of the gamete cytoplasms, facilitates the cellular dynamics of the zygote. In the last decade, mutant analyses, live cell imaging-based observations, and direct observations of fertilized egg cells by fusion of isolated gametes have accelerated our understanding of the post-plasmogamic events in flowering plants including cell wall formation, gamete nuclear migration and fusion, and zygotic cell elongation and asymmetric division. Especially, it has become more evident that paternal parent-of-origin effects, via sperm cytoplasm contents, not only control canonical early zygotic development, but also activate a biparental signaling pathway critical for cell fate determination after the first cell division. Here, we summarize the plasmogamic paternal contributions via the entry of sperm contents during/after fertilization in flowering plants.
开花植物的合子具有完全的发育潜能，合子中雄雌遗传物质和胞质物质的混合是启动胚胎发育的触发因素。配子细胞质融合的质配过程促进了合子的细胞动态变化。在过去十年中，突变分析、基于活细胞成像的观察以及通过分离配子融合对受精卵细胞的直接观察，加速了我们对开花植物质配后事件的理解，包括细胞壁形成、配子核迁移与融合以及合子细胞伸长和不对称分裂。特别是，越来越明显的是，父本来源效应通过精子细胞质成分，不仅控制典型的早期合子发育，还激活了对第一次细胞分裂后细胞命运决定至关重要的双亲信号通路。在这里，我们总结了开花植物受精期间/之后精子内容物进入所带来的质配父本贡献。
