Crop Designing Centre, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
Plant Breeding Department, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Land Use and Nutrition, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
Planta. 2019 Jul;250(1):23-40. doi: 10.1007/s00425-019-03166-7. Epub 2019 Apr 16.
This review will provide evidence for the indispensable function of these elements in regulating plant development and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as their evolutionary role in facilitating plant adaptation. Over millions of years of evolution, plant genomes have acquired a complex constitution. Plant genomes consist not only of protein coding sequences, but also contain large proportions of non-coding sequences. These include introns of protein-coding genes, and intergenic sequences such as non-coding RNA, repeat sequences and transposable elements. These non-coding sequences help to regulate gene expression, and are increasingly being recognized as playing an important role in genome organization and function. In this review, we summarize the known molecular mechanisms by which gene expression is regulated by several species of non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs) and by transposable elements. We further discuss how these non-coding RNAs and transposable elements evolve and emerge in the genome, and the potential influence and importance of these non-coding RNAs and transposable elements in plant development and in stress responses.
这篇综述将提供证据证明这些元素在调节植物发育和抵抗生物及非生物胁迫方面的不可或缺的功能，以及它们在促进植物适应方面的进化作用。在数百万年的进化过程中，植物基因组获得了复杂的构成。植物基因组不仅包含蛋白质编码序列，还包含大量非编码序列。这些非编码序列包括蛋白质编码基因的内含子和非编码 RNA、重复序列和转座元件等基因间序列。这些非编码序列有助于调节基因表达，并越来越被认为在基因组组织和功能中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了几种非编码 RNA（microRNAs、长非编码 RNA 和环状 RNA）和转座元件调节基因表达的已知分子机制。我们进一步讨论了这些非编码 RNA 和转座元件在基因组中是如何进化和出现的，以及这些非编码 RNA 和转座元件在植物发育和应激反应中的潜在影响和重要性。
