Kaushal Ashutosh, Haldar Rudrashish
Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, India.
Department of Anaesthesiology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGIMS), Lucknow, India.
Discoveries (Craiova). 2020 Jun 29;8(2):e111. doi: 10.15190/d.2020.8.
Regional anesthesia has been an undervalued entity in neuroanesthetic practice. However, in the past few years, owing to the development of more advanced techniques, drugs and the prolific use of ultrasound guidance, the unrecognised potential of these modalities have been highlighted. These techniques confer the advantages of reduced requirements for local anesthetics, improved hemodynamic stability in the intraoperative period, better pain score postoperatively and reduced analgesic requirements in the postoperative period. Reduced analgesic requirement translates into lesser side effects associated with analgesic use. Furthermore, the transition from the traditional blind landmark-based techniques to the ultrasound guidance has increased the reliability and the safety profile. In this review, we highlight the commonly practised blocks in the neuroanesthesiologist's armamentarium and describe their characteristics, along with their individual particularities.
区域麻醉在神经麻醉实践中一直未得到充分重视。然而，在过去几年中，由于更先进技术、药物的发展以及超声引导的广泛应用，这些方法未被认识到的潜力得到了凸显。这些技术具有以下优点：减少局部麻醉药的用量、术中血流动力学稳定性更好、术后疼痛评分更佳以及术后镇痛需求减少。镇痛需求的减少意味着与镇痛药物使用相关的副作用也会减少。此外，从传统的基于体表标志的盲目技术向超声引导的转变提高了可靠性和安全性。在本综述中，我们重点介绍了神经麻醉医生常用的阻滞方法，并描述了它们的特点以及各自的特殊性。
