School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biologic and Materials Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
J Mater Chem B. 2020 Aug 19;8(32):7225-7232. doi: 10.1039/c9tb02087j.
Bioelectrodes, including metallic and conductive polymer (CP) bioelectrodes, often suffer from biofouling by contamination from microbacteria and/or biomolecules in biological systems, which can cause substantial impairment of biofunctionality and biocompatibility. Herein, we have employed an in situ polymerization of methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) by gamma radiation to introduce fouling-resistant properties onto the surface of the conductive polymer, polypyrrole (PPy). The concentrations of an MPC monomer were varied during the grafting. PPy electrodes modified with MPC (PPy-g-MPC) revealed excellent anti-biofouling properties, as demonstrated by multiple analyses, such as serum protein adsorption, fibroblast adhesion, bacteria adhesion, and scar tissue formation in vivo. Importantly, PPy-g-MPC, which was modified with 0.2 M MPC using gamma radiation, exhibited electrical properties similar to unmodified PPy electrodes, indicating that our MPC grafting strategies did not cause impairment of electrical/electrochemical properties of the original PPy electrodes while successfully introducing anti-biofouling properties. Zwitterionic MPC polymer grafting on PPy electrodes by in situ polymerization with gamma radiation will benefit the development of highly biocompatible and functional bioelectrodes, such as neural electrodes, stimulators, and biosensors.
生物电极，包括金属和导电聚合物（CP）生物电极，通常会受到生物系统中微生物和/或生物分子污染的生物污垢的影响，这会导致生物功能性和生物相容性的严重损害。在此，我们通过伽马辐射将甲基丙烯酰氧基乙基磷酸胆碱（MPC）进行原位聚合，从而在导电聚合物聚吡咯（PPy）的表面引入抗污染性能。在接枝过程中改变 MPC 单体的浓度。经 MPC 改性的 PPy 电极（PPy-g-MPC）通过多种分析，如血清蛋白吸附、成纤维细胞黏附、细菌黏附和体内瘢痕组织形成，显示出优异的抗生物污垢性能。重要的是，使用伽马辐射将 0.2 M MPC 改性的 PPy-g-MPC 表现出与未改性 PPy 电极相似的电学性能，表明我们的 MPC 接枝策略在成功引入抗生物污垢性能的同时，并没有损害原始 PPy 电极的电学/电化学性能。通过伽马辐射原位聚合在 PPy 电极上接枝两性离子 MPC 聚合物将有利于开发高度生物相容和功能强大的生物电极，如神经电极、刺激器和生物传感器。
