Saeideh Saeideh, Yasavoli Mahsa, Gholamnezhad Zahra, Aslani Mohammad Reza, Boskabady Mohammad Hossein
Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Iran J Pharm Res. 2019 Summer;18(3):1358-1370. doi: 10.22037/ijpr.2019.1100713.
Crocin, a component of saffron, showed hypotensive activity which is perhaps due to vascular smooth muscle relaxant effect. The relaxant effects of saffron on tracheal smooth muscle also could be due to its constituent, crocin. In the present study, the relaxant effects of crocin and its possible mechanisms on rat tracheal smooth muscle were investigated. The relaxant effects of three cumulative concentrations of crocin (30, 60, and 120 μM) or theophylline (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 mM) as positive control were examined on pre-contracted tracheal smooth muscle by methacholine or KCl in non-incubated or incubated conditions with different agents including atropine, chlorpheniramine, indomethacin, diltiazem, glibenclamide, and propranolol. In non-incubated tracheal smooth muscle, crocin showed significant relaxant effects on KCl induced muscle contraction ( < 0.001 for two higher concentrations). However, crocin did not show relaxant effect on methacholine induced tissue contraction. In incubated tissues with chlorpheniramine, indomethacin, diltiazem and propranolol, there were no significant differences in the relaxant effects of crocin between non-incubated and incubated tissues. However, the relaxant effects of crocin obtained in incubated tissues with atropine and glibenclamide were significant lower than non-incubated tracheal smooth muscle ( < 0.05 to < 0.001). The EC value obtained in incubated tissue with propranolol was significantly increased. Theophylline showed significant relaxant effect on both KCl and methacholine induced tissue contraction ( < 0.01 to < 0.001). A relatively potent relaxant effect of crocin on tracheal smooth muscle, lower than that of theophylline was shown. Muscarinic receptor blocking, potassium channels opening and ß-adrenoreceptors stimulation were also suggested as possible mechanisms of this effect.
藏红花素是藏红花的一种成分，具有降压活性，这可能归因于其血管平滑肌舒张作用。藏红花对气管平滑肌的舒张作用也可能是由于其成分藏红花素。在本研究中，研究了藏红花素对大鼠气管平滑肌的舒张作用及其可能机制。通过在非孵育或与不同药物（包括阿托品、氯苯那敏、吲哚美辛、地尔硫卓、格列本脲和普萘洛尔）孵育的条件下，用乙酰甲胆碱或氯化钾预收缩气管平滑肌，检测了三种累积浓度的藏红花素（30、60和120μM）或作为阳性对照的茶碱（0.2、0.4、0.6 mM）的舒张作用。在非孵育的气管平滑肌中，藏红花素对氯化钾诱导的肌肉收缩显示出显著的舒张作用（两种较高浓度时P<0.001）。然而，藏红花素对乙酰甲胆碱诱导的组织收缩未显示舒张作用。在用氯苯那敏、吲哚美辛、地尔硫卓和普萘洛尔孵育的组织中，非孵育和孵育组织中藏红花素的舒张作用无显著差异。然而，在用阿托品和格列本脲孵育的组织中获得的藏红花素舒张作用显著低于非孵育的气管平滑肌（P<0.05至P<0.001）。在用普萘洛尔孵育的组织中获得的EC值显著增加。茶碱对氯化钾和乙酰甲胆碱诱导的组织收缩均显示出显著的舒张作用（P<0.01至P<0.001）。藏红花素对气管平滑肌显示出相对较强的舒张作用，但低于茶碱。毒蕈碱受体阻断、钾通道开放和β-肾上腺素能受体刺激也被认为是这种作用的可能机制。
