Agarwal Padmanidhi, Mehrotra Divya
Department of Dentistry and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2020 Mar;13(1):9-14. doi: 10.1177/1943387520903159. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
The purpose of this article was to study and devise a classification of fracture patterns of the mandibular ramus to facilitate management.
Mandibular ramus fracture demographics in literature were reviewed along with evaluation of the patients diagnosed with mandibular ramus fractures who had reported to the emergency/outpatient clinic of our Institute in the last 5 years. Epidemiology of these ramus fractures was studied, and these ramus fractures were categorized into repetitive patterns on the basis of radiological observations in an effort to achieve a simplified classification.
A total of 1372 trauma patients were diagnosed with mandibular fractures, of which an incidence of 2.4% was recorded for ramus fractures. These were predominantly in males and mainly due to road traffic accidents commonly in people driving two-wheeler vehicles (64%). Ramus fractures seldom occur in isolation. Five predictable fracture patterns were observed and accordingly classified as types I to V. Type I was the most common and type IV the least. Open reduction was done in 45.5% patients with non-compression plating systems. Satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcomes were achieved in all patients.
The mandibular ramus fractures although rare need to be well understood and demarcated. The classification highlights the importance of this mandibular buttress and focuses on the importance of its technically and anatomically more complicated fracture treatment. Future studies are needed to compare the modalities of management.
本文旨在研究并设计下颌支骨折类型的分类方法，以利于治疗。
回顾了文献中下颌支骨折的人口统计学资料，并对过去5年到我院急诊/门诊就诊的诊断为下颌支骨折的患者进行了评估。研究了这些下颌支骨折的流行病学情况，并根据影像学观察结果将这些下颌支骨折分为重复性类型，以实现简化分类。
共1372例创伤患者被诊断为下颌骨骨折，其中下颌支骨折的发生率为2.4%。这些骨折主要发生在男性，主要原因是道路交通事故，常见于骑两轮车的人群（64%）。下颌支骨折很少单独发生。观察到五种可预测的骨折类型，因此分为I型至V型。I型最常见，IV型最少见。45.5%的患者采用非加压钢板系统进行切开复位。所有患者均取得了满意的美学和功能效果。
下颌支骨折虽然少见，但需要充分了解和明确界定。该分类突出了下颌骨支柱的重要性，并强调了其技术和解剖学上更复杂的骨折治疗的重要性。未来需要进行研究以比较治疗方式。
