Jain Anuj, Rai Anshul, Singh Abhinav, Taneja Saumya
Consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon and Implantologist, Nagpur, India.
Department of Trauma and Emergency Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020 Dec;24(4):469-475. doi: 10.1007/s10006-020-00872-5. Epub 2020 Jul 8.
Dental implants are commonly used for replacement of missing teeth. Despite the published data highlighting the high success rate of dental implants, failures do occur. Some of these failures are believed to be a result of bacterial contamination at the site of implant insertion. Various antibiotic regimens have already been suggested to prevent failure due to infection.
This meta-analysis aims to examine the efficacy of preoperative antibiotics in prevention of dental implant failure secondary to infections.
An exhaustive search was conducted on electronic database including PubMed Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane on July 15, 2019. All the randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing preoperative antibiotics with no antibiotics/placebo in dental implants were included in the study. The primary outcome for assessment was implant failure. A random effect meta-analysis was conducted for risk ratios of dichotomous data.
A total 8544 abstracts were screened following which 16 full text articles were reviewed and 5 RCTs were included in the analysis. Meta-analysis results indicated that the preoperative antibiotics resulted in statistically significantly lower number of implant failures.
Preoperative antibiotics effectively reduce the implant failure rate. However, it is recommended to conduct large-scale RCT to determine the efficacy of preoperative antibiotics in dental implants.
牙种植体常用于缺失牙的修复。尽管已发表的数据强调牙种植体的成功率很高，但失败情况确实会发生。其中一些失败被认为是种植体植入部位细菌污染的结果。已经提出了各种抗生素治疗方案来预防因感染导致的失败。
本荟萃分析旨在研究术前使用抗生素预防牙种植体继发感染失败的疗效。
2019年7月15日在包括PubMed Medline、谷歌学术、Scopus和Cochrane在内的电子数据库上进行了详尽的检索。所有比较牙种植体术前使用抗生素与不使用抗生素/安慰剂的随机对照试验（RCT）均纳入本研究。评估的主要结局是种植体失败。对二分数据的风险比进行随机效应荟萃分析。
共筛选了8544篇摘要，随后对16篇全文进行了审查，5项RCT纳入分析。荟萃分析结果表明，术前使用抗生素导致种植体失败的数量在统计学上显著减少。
术前使用抗生素可有效降低种植体失败率。然而，建议进行大规模RCT以确定术前使用抗生素在牙种植体中的疗效。
