Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK.
Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK.
J Cell Physiol. 2021 Feb;236(2):721-740. doi: 10.1002/jcp.29921. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
To maintain normal cellular and physiological function, sufficient oxygen is required. Recently, evidence has suggested that hypoxia, either pathological or environmental, may influence bone health. It appears that bone cells are distinctly responsive to hypoxic stimuli; for better or worse, this is still yet to be elucidated. Hypoxia has been shown to offer potentially therapeutic effects for bone by inducing an osteogenic-angiogenic response, although, others have noted excessive osteoclastic bone resorption instead. Much evidence suggests that the hypoxic-inducible pathway is integral in mediating the changes in bone metabolism. Furthermore, many factors associated with hypoxia including changes in energy metabolism, acid-base balance and the increased generation of reactive oxygen species, are known to influence bone metabolism. This review aims to examine some of the putative mechanisms responsible for hypoxic-induced alterations of bone metabolism, with regard to osteoclasts and osteoblasts, both positive and negative.
为了维持正常的细胞和生理功能，需要有足够的氧气。最近的证据表明，无论是病理性还是环境性缺氧，都可能会影响骨骼健康。似乎骨细胞对缺氧刺激有明显的反应；无论好坏，这仍然有待阐明。缺氧通过诱导成骨-血管生成反应，为骨骼提供了潜在的治疗效果，尽管其他人也注意到了过多的破骨细胞骨吸收。大量证据表明，缺氧诱导途径在介导骨代谢变化中是不可或缺的。此外，许多与缺氧相关的因素，包括能量代谢、酸碱平衡和活性氧生成的增加，都被认为会影响骨代谢。本综述旨在探讨一些与缺氧诱导的骨代谢改变有关的假定机制，包括破骨细胞和成骨细胞，既有积极的也有消极的。
