Rao Suman S., Agasthi Pradyumna
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Saint Francis Heart Hospital
Coronary artery fistulas are rare defects in the coronary circulation system. They are congenital or acquired malformations in the assembly and circuitry of coronary arteries. Coronary artery fistulas can be grouped into two broad categories. Coronary-cameral fistulas are abnormal connections between coronary arteries and any of the heart chambers. Coronary arteriovenous malformations are abnormal connections that occur between coronary arteries and parts of the systemic/pulmonary circulatory vessels. Although the majority of coronary artery fistulas are diagnosed incidentally on coronary catheterization, there is a portion of patients with this disease who can present with signs and symptoms of congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, pulmonary hypertension, and other cardiopulmonary functional abnormalities. With regards to diagnosis, coronary angiography, and coronary computerized tomography angiography (CTA) are considered highly reliable in diagnosing coronary artery fistulas. Catheterized closure is generally indicated as the main modality of treatment.
冠状动脉瘘是冠状动脉循环系统中罕见的缺陷。它们是冠状动脉在组装和走行方面的先天性或后天性畸形。冠状动脉瘘可大致分为两大类。冠状动脉-心腔瘘是冠状动脉与任何心腔之间的异常连接。冠状动脉动静脉畸形是冠状动脉与体循环/肺循环血管的某些部分之间发生的异常连接。尽管大多数冠状动脉瘘是在冠状动脉导管插入术时偶然诊断出来的，但仍有一部分患有这种疾病的患者可能会出现充血性心力衰竭、心肌梗死、肺动脉高压和其他心肺功能异常的体征和症状。关于诊断，冠状动脉造影和冠状动脉计算机断层血管造影（CTA）在诊断冠状动脉瘘方面被认为具有高度可靠性。导管封堵术通常被指定为主要治疗方式。
