Morrison Cancer Center, Mary Lanning Healthcare, Hastings, NE.
Department of Pathology, Mary Lanning Healthcare, Hastings, NE.
Oncology (Williston Park). 2020 Jan 15;34(1):16-19.
Colorectal carcinoma is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with rectal cancer accounting for approximately one-third of newly diagnosed cases. A comprehensive trimodality approach involving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, total mesorectal excision, and systemic chemotherapy has been the standard of care for medically operable patients with nonmetastatic, locally advanced rectal cancer. Despite a marked reduction in local recurrence rates with good local control, systemic recurrence rates of as high as 35% constitute the leading cause of death in this population. This has led to increasing interest in neoadjuvant systemic therapy before or after neoadjuvant chemoradiation a new approach called total neoadjuvant therapy. This case study will review the current status of clinical stage II or III locally advanced rectal cancer (T3/4, N0, or node-positive) treatment regarding neoadjuvant therapy.
结直肠癌是美国癌症相关死亡的第二大原因，其中直肠癌约占新诊断病例的三分之一。对于有手术指征、无远处转移的局部进展期直肠癌患者，新辅助放化疗、全直肠系膜切除术和全身化疗的综合三联疗法一直是标准的治疗方法。尽管局部复发率显著降低，局部控制良好，但高达 35%的全身复发率仍是该人群死亡的主要原因。这导致人们越来越关注新辅助放化疗前或后新辅助全身治疗——一种称为全新辅助治疗的新方法。本病例研究将回顾局部进展期 II 期或 III 期直肠癌（T3/4、N0 或淋巴结阳性）的新辅助治疗现状。
