Health, Physical Activity and Sports Science Laboratory, Department of Physical Activity and Sports, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Deusto, 48007 Bizkaia, Spain.
Physiotherapy Department, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Campus de Vegazana, 24071 Leon, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 7;17(13):4893. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17134893.
Due to the importance of energy efficiency and economy in endurance performance, it is important to know the influence of different paddling cadences on these variables in the stand-up paddleboarding (SUP). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of paddling at different cadences on the energy efficiency, economy, and physiological variables of international SUP race competitors. Ten male paddlers (age 28.8 ± 11.0 years; height 175.4 ± 5.1 m; body mass 74.2 ± 9.4 kg) participating in international tests carried out two test sessions. In the first one, an incremental exercise test was conducted to assess maximal oxygen uptake and peak power output (PPO). On the second day, they underwent 3 trials of 8 min each at 75% of PPO reached in the first test session. Three cadences were carried out in different trials randomly assigned between 45-55 and 65 strokes-min (spm). Heart rate (HR), blood lactate, perceived sense of exertion (RPE), gross efficiency, economy, and oxygen uptake (VO) were measured in the middle (4-min) and the end (8-min) of each trial. Economy (45.3 ± 5.7 KJ·l at 45 spm vs. 38.1 ± 5.3 KJ·l at 65 spm; = 0.010) and gross efficiency (13.4 ± 2.3% at 45 spm vs. 11.0 ± 1.6% at 65 spm; = 0.012) was higher during de 45 spm condition than 65 spm in the 8-min. Respiratory exchange ratio (RER) presented a lower value at 4-min than at 8-min in 55 spm (4-min, 0.950 ± 0.065 vs. 8-min, 0.964 ± 0.053) and 65 spm cadences (4-min, 0.951 ± 0.030 vs. 8-min, 0.992 ± 0.047; < 0.05). VO, HR, lactate, and RPE were lower ( < 0.05) at 45 spm (VO, 34.4 ± 6.0 mL·kg·min; HR, 161.2 ± 16.4 beats·min; lactate, 3.5 ± 1.0 mmol·l; RPE, 6.0 ± 2.1) than at 55 spm (VO, 38.6 ± 5.2 mL·kg·min; HR, 168.1 ± 15.1 beats·min; lactate, 4.2 ± 1.2 mmol·l; RPE, 6.9 ± 1.4) and 65 spm (VO, 38.7 ± 5.9 mL·kg·min; HR, 170.7 ± 13.0 beats·min; 5.3 ± 1.8 mmol·l; RPE, 7.6 ± 1.4) at 8-min. Moreover, lactate and RPE at 65 spm was greater than 55 spm ( < 0.05) at 8-min. International male SUP paddlers were most efficient and economical when paddling at 45 spm vs. 55 or 65 spm, confirmed by lower RPE values, which may likely translate to faster paddling speed and greater endurance.
由于在耐力表现中能量效率和经济性非常重要，因此了解不同划桨频率对站立划桨（SUP）中这些变量的影响很重要。本研究的目的是确定在不同划桨频率下划桨对国际 SUP 比赛选手的能量效率、经济性和生理变量的影响。
10 名男性桨手（年龄 28.8±11.0 岁；身高 175.4±5.1m；体重 74.2±9.4kg）参加了国际测试，进行了两次测试。在第一次测试中，进行了递增运动测试以评估最大摄氧量和峰值功率输出（PPO）。在第二天，他们在第一次测试中达到的 PPO 的 75%下进行了 3 次 8 分钟的试验。以不同的频率进行了 3 次试验，随机分配在 45-55 和 65 strokes-min（spm）之间。在每次试验的中间（4 分钟）和结束（8 分钟）测量心率（HR）、血乳酸、感知用力程度（RPE）、总效率、经济性和摄氧量（VO）。在 45 spm 条件下，经济性（45.3±5.7KJ·l 比 65 spm 时的 38.1±5.3KJ·l； = 0.010）和总效率（13.4±2.3%比 65 spm 时的 11.0±1.6%； = 0.012）高于 65 spm。在 55 spm 和 65 spm 时，呼吸交换比（RER）在 4 分钟时的值低于 8 分钟时的值（4 分钟，0.950±0.065 比 8 分钟，0.964±0.053 和 0.951±0.030 比 0.992±0.047；<0.05）。VO、HR、乳酸和 RPE 在 45 spm 时较低（<0.05），在 55 spm 时（VO，38.6±5.2mL·kg·min；HR，168.1±15.1 次·min；乳酸，4.2±1.2mmol·l；RPE，6.9±1.4）和 65 spm 时（VO，38.7±5.9mL·kg·min；HR，170.7±13.0 次·min；乳酸，5.3±1.8mmol·l；RPE，7.6±1.4）。此外，在 8 分钟时，65 spm 时的乳酸和 RPE 大于 55 spm（<0.05）。
国际男子 SUP 桨手在 45 spm 时的效率和经济性最高，与 55 或 65 spm 相比，这一点从较低的 RPE 值得到了证实，这可能意味着更快的划桨速度和更大的耐力。
