College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Anim Biotechnol. 2022 Feb;33(1):98-103. doi: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1777148. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
Copy number variations (CNVs) were similar to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and insertion-deletion (InDel), regarded as genetic variations in many species. CNV is defined as the variable change of DNA segment length compared with the reference genome, including gains or losses from 50 bp to several mega bases. The functions of gene are diverse, such as regulating the cell cycle, DNA damage, histone H2A deubiquitination or mitotic nuclear division. To analyze the relationship between CNV of gene and milk traits in Chinese Holstein, we used qPCR to detect the individuals of Chinese Holstein ( = 180). The results showed that the effect of gene CNV on daily milk yield and fat percentage had significant difference ( < 0.05). The gain was the advantage type in daily milk yield and the loss was the advantage type in fat percentage. Therefore, CNV of gene is an important factor of milk traits in Chinese Holstein. Meanwhile, it may be used as a molecular marker for assisted selection of milk traits in Chinese Holstein, which provides a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of cow breeds in China.
拷贝数变异（CNVs）与单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）和插入缺失（InDel）相似，被认为是许多物种的遗传变异。CNV 定义为与参考基因组相比 DNA 片段长度的可变变化，包括从 50bp 到几个兆碱基的增益或损失。基因的功能多种多样，例如调节细胞周期、DNA 损伤、组蛋白 H2A 去泛素化或有丝分裂核分裂。为了分析基因 CNV 与中国荷斯坦奶牛乳性状的关系，我们使用 qPCR 检测了中国荷斯坦个体（ = 180）。结果表明，基因 CNV 对日产奶量和脂肪百分比的影响有显著差异（ < 0.05）。增益是日产奶量的优势类型，而损失是脂肪百分比的优势类型。因此，基因 CNV 是中国荷斯坦奶牛乳性状的重要因素。同时，它可以作为中国荷斯坦奶牛乳性状辅助选择的分子标记，为中国奶牛品种的遗传改良提供理论依据。
