Department of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio.
Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
J Adolesc Health. 2021 Jan;68(1):95-102. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.05.035. Epub 2020 Jul 7.
Adolescence is a key stage for forming knowledge and attitudes about sex and reproduction that may have long-term implications for adult sexual behaviors. Gender differences in experiences and socialization processes may affect the links between adolescent characteristics and adult behaviors.
By following adolescent virgins aged 15 years and older from wave I through wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 4,152), we test whether adolescent boys' and girls' knowledge about, and attitudes toward, sex and reproduction influence the number of lifetime different-sex sexual partners and the likelihood of having concurrent sexual partners in adulthood, using negative binomial regression and logistic regression, respectively. Models are run separately by gender.
Men and women who reported greater physical benefits of sex as adolescents reported more lifetime different-sex sexual partners and were more likely to have concurrent sexual partners in adulthood. For women, adolescent perceptions of more social costs to sex were linked to fewer lifetime sexual partners, whereas greater birth control confidence was linked to more sexual partners. Women who more strongly felt that avoiding sexually transmitted infections was a hassle during adolescence were less likely to have concurrent sexual partners as adults, and men who were more knowledgeable about condoms during adolescence were more likely to have concurrent sexual partners.
Adolescent knowledge and attitudes about sex, contraception, and reproduction have implications for adult sexual behavior, but different aspects emerge as salient for men and women.
青春期是形成关于性和生殖的知识和态度的关键阶段，这些知识和态度可能对成年后的性行为产生长期影响。性别差异在经验和社会化过程中可能会影响青少年特征与成年行为之间的联系。
通过对国家青少年健康纵向研究（National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health）中从第 1 波到第 4 波的 15 岁及以上的青少年未婚者（n=4152）进行跟踪研究，我们使用负二项回归和逻辑回归分别检验青少年对性和生殖的知识和态度是否会影响其一生中异性性伴侣的数量以及成年后同时拥有性伴侣的可能性。模型按性别分别运行。
报告青春期时性有更多身体益处的男性和女性报告有更多的异性性伴侣，并且更有可能在成年后同时拥有性伴侣。对于女性来说，青春期时对性行为有更多社会成本的认知与较少的性伴侣数量有关，而对避孕更有信心则与更多的性伴侣有关。青春期时认为避免性传播感染是一件麻烦事的女性更不可能在成年后同时拥有性伴侣，而青春期时对避孕套了解更多的男性更有可能同时拥有性伴侣。
青少年对性、避孕和生殖的知识和态度对成年后的性行为有影响，但不同方面对男性和女性的影响不同。
