Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland.
Lab. Bio-PeroxIL EA7270, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2020 Jul 6;25:37. doi: 10.1186/s11658-020-00224-x. eCollection 2020.
The plasma membrane (PM) spatiotemporal organization is one of the major factors controlling cell signaling and whole-cell homeostasis. The PM lipids, including cholesterol, determine the physicochemical properties of the membrane bilayer and thus play a crucial role in all membrane-dependent cellular processes. It is known that lipid content and distribution in the PM are not random, and their transversal and lateral organization is highly controlled. Mainly sphingolipid- and cholesterol-rich lipid nanodomains, historically referred to as rafts, are extremely dynamic "hot spots" of the PM controlling the function of many cell surface proteins and receptors. In the first part of this review, we will focus on the recent advances of PM investigation and the current PM concept. In the second part, we will discuss the importance of several classes of ABC transporters whose substrates are lipids for the PM organization and dynamics. Finally, we will briefly present the significance of lipid ABC transporters for immune responses.
质膜（PM）的时空组织是控制细胞信号和整个细胞内稳态的主要因素之一。PM 中的脂质，包括胆固醇，决定了膜双层的物理化学性质，因此在所有依赖膜的细胞过程中起着至关重要的作用。已知 PM 中的脂质含量和分布并非随机，其横向和侧向组织受到高度控制。主要由鞘脂和胆固醇组成的富含脂质的纳米域，历史上被称为筏，是 PM 的极度动态“热点”，控制着许多细胞表面蛋白和受体的功能。在本综述的第一部分，我们将重点介绍 PM 研究的最新进展和当前的 PM 概念。在第二部分，我们将讨论几类 ABC 转运体的重要性，其底物是 PM 组织和动力学的脂质。最后，我们将简要介绍脂质 ABC 转运体对免疫反应的意义。
