Gallistl Vera, Parisot Viktoria
Institut für Soziologie, Universität Wien, Rooseveltplatz 2, 1090, Wien, Österreich.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Aug;53(5):382-388. doi: 10.1007/s00391-020-01751-0. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Even though the effects of cultural activities on active and positive ageing have been extensively examined, spatial aspects have hardly been considered by research in this field.
Instead of understanding active ageing as a result of cultural education, this article focuses on practices of (active) ageing in cultural education programs for older adults. We examined the meanings of space and spatial arrangements in which cultural education takes place and how these spatial aspects limit or enable active ageing.
The article is based on six qualitative case studies of programs for cultural education for older adults. In programs, such as a yodel seminar or a theater workshop, data were collated by participatory observation and qualitative interviews with the participants and trainers of each program. All data were analyzed using situational analysis.
We found that the spaces where the programs took place had a special meaning to the older participants. This was mainly because these spaces where not exclusively designed for target groups of older adults. The experience of the program was not only characterized by these meanings but also by how these spaces were used within the program. Active ageing was realized through the appropriation of new spaces and specific spatial arrangements.
This article shows how spatial arrangements and the experience of (active) ageing are intertwined. To foster active ageing, cultural education programs need to provide spaces which can be used accordingly. For environmental gerontology, this paper highlights the necessity to consider the symbolic dimension of spaces and environments in research.
尽管文化活动对积极老龄化的影响已得到广泛研究，但该领域的研究几乎未考虑空间因素。
本文并非将积极老龄化理解为文化教育的结果，而是聚焦于针对老年人的文化教育项目中的（积极）老龄化实践。我们研究了文化教育发生的空间及空间布局的意义，以及这些空间因素如何限制或促进积极老龄化。
本文基于对六个针对老年人的文化教育项目的定性案例研究。在诸如约德尔唱法研讨会或戏剧工作坊等项目中，通过参与观察以及对每个项目的参与者和培训师进行定性访谈来收集数据。所有数据均采用情境分析进行分析。
我们发现项目开展的空间对老年参与者具有特殊意义。这主要是因为这些空间并非专门为老年目标群体设计。项目体验不仅由这些意义所表征，还由这些空间在项目中的使用方式所决定。积极老龄化通过对新空间和特定空间布局的利用得以实现。
本文展示了空间布局与（积极）老龄化体验是如何相互交织的。为促进积极老龄化，文化教育项目需要提供可相应使用的空间。对于环境老年学而言，本文强调了在研究中考虑空间和环境的象征维度的必要性。
