Wang Man, Yu Fei, Li Peifeng, Wang Kun
Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
Institute for Translational Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China.
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids. 2020 Sep 4;21:367-383. doi: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.06.008. Epub 2020 Jun 12.
Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by almost all cells, with a diameter range of 30-150 nm and a lipid bilayer membrane. Exosomes are now considered as vital mediators of intercellular communication and participate in multiple cellular processes, such as signal transduction and antigen presentation. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), have been found to be abundant and stable in exosomes. Increasing evidence indicates that exosome-derived circRNAs act as signaling molecules to regulate cancer growth, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Moreover, circulating exosomal circRNAs can reflect the progression and malignant characteristics of cancer, implying their great potential as promising, non-invasive biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the functional roles of exosomal circRNAs in cancer progression, discussing their potential as promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer. Comprehensive elucidation of molecular mechanisms relevant to the implications of exosomal circRNAs in cancer progression will be conducive to the development of innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in cancer.
外泌体是几乎所有细胞分泌的一种细胞外囊泡（EVs），直径范围为30 - 150纳米，具有脂质双层膜。外泌体现在被认为是细胞间通讯的重要介质，并参与多种细胞过程，如信号转导和抗原呈递。最近，环状RNA（circRNAs），一类新型的非编码RNA（ncRNAs），已被发现在外泌体中丰富且稳定。越来越多的证据表明，外泌体来源的circRNAs作为信号分子调节癌症的生长、血管生成、侵袭、转移以及对化疗的敏感性。此外，循环外泌体circRNAs可以反映癌症的进展和恶性特征，这意味着它们作为有前景的非侵入性生物标志物用于癌症诊断和预后具有巨大潜力。在本综述中，我们总结了外泌体circRNAs在癌症进展中的功能作用的最新进展，讨论了它们作为癌症中有前景的生物标志物和治疗靶点的潜力。全面阐明与外泌体circRNAs在癌症进展中的影响相关的分子机制将有助于开发创新的癌症诊断和治疗方法。
