Psycho-social work, University of Oslo, Norway.
Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Department of Child Health and Development, Norway.
J Psychosom Res. 2020 Sep;136:110175. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2020.110175. Epub 2020 Jun 24.
Unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs), are at high risk for mental health problems, yet there is a lack of knowledge about social anxiety among these youths. The aim of this study was to investigate symptoms of social anxiety among URMs resettled in Norway, and the combined effects of pre-migration traumatic events, post-migration acculturation related factors (perceived discrimination and culture competence in relation both to the heritage and majority cultures) and demographic background variables, over and above the effect of concurrent depressive symptoms.
Cross-sectional self-report questionnaire data were collected from 557 URMs from 31 different countries, mainly from Afghanistan (49,6%), Somalia (11,1%), and Iraq (7,0%).
The findings from structural equation model (SEM) showed that the effect of pre-migration traumatic events on social anxiety was non-significant (β = 0.001, p = .09), while perceived discrimination and majority culture competence had unique effects on social anxiety (β = 0.39, p < .001 and β = -0.12, p = .008, respectively) over and above depressive symptoms (β = 0.30, p < .001).
The findings show that factors of the current socio-cultural developmental context rather than pre-migration war-related traumatic events the youths experienced before migration accounts for variation in social anxiety. Potential practical implications of the findings for social workers, educational staff and clinicians are discussed.
无人陪伴的未成年难民（URM）面临较高的心理健康问题风险，但目前对于这些年轻人的社交焦虑症状知之甚少。本研究旨在调查在挪威重新安置的 URM 中社交焦虑症状的情况，以及在同时存在的抑郁症状之外，前移民创伤事件、与后移民相关的文化适应因素（与原籍文化和主流文化相关的感知歧视和文化能力）以及人口统计学背景变量对社交焦虑的综合影响。
从 31 个不同国家的 557 名 URM 中收集了横断面自我报告问卷数据，这些国家主要来自阿富汗（49.6%）、索马里（11.1%）和伊拉克（7.0%）。
结构方程模型（SEM）的结果表明，前移民创伤事件对社交焦虑的影响不显著（β=0.001，p=0.09），而感知歧视和主流文化能力对社交焦虑有独特的影响（β=0.39，p<0.001 和β=-0.12，p=0.008，分别），超过了抑郁症状的影响（β=0.30，p<0.001）。
研究结果表明，是当前社会文化发展背景中的因素，而不是年轻人在移民前经历的与前移民战争相关的创伤事件，导致了社交焦虑的变化。讨论了这些发现对社会工作者、教育工作者和临床医生的潜在实际意义。
