Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Yeast. 2021 Jan;38(1):39-53. doi: 10.1002/yea.3512. Epub 2020 Jul 30.
The MutL family of DNA mismatch repair proteins plays a critical role in excising and repairing misincorporation errors during DNA replication. In many eukaryotes, members of this family have evolved to modulate and resolve recombination intermediates into crossovers during meiosis. In these organisms, such functions promote the accurate segregation of chromosomes during the meiosis I division. What alterations occurred in MutL homolog (MLH) family members that enabled them to acquire these new roles? In this review, we present evidence that the yeast Mlh1-Mlh3 and Mlh1-Mlh2 complexes have evolved novel enzymatic and nonenzymatic activities and protein-protein interactions that are critical for their meiotic functions. Curiously, even with these changes, these complexes retain backup and accessory roles in DNA mismatch repair during vegetative growth.
MutL 家族的 DNA 错配修复蛋白在切除和修复 DNA 复制过程中的错配错误方面发挥着关键作用。在许多真核生物中，该家族的成员已经进化为在减数分裂过程中调节和解决重组中间体形成交叉。在这些生物体中，这些功能促进了减数分裂 I 分裂过程中染色体的准确分离。MutL 同源物 (MLH) 家族成员发生了什么变化，使它们能够获得这些新的作用？在这篇综述中，我们提供了证据表明，酵母 Mlh1-Mlh3 和 Mlh1-Mlh2 复合物已经进化出了新的酶和非酶活性以及蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用，这些对于它们的减数分裂功能至关重要。奇怪的是，即使有了这些变化，这些复合物在营养生长过程中的 DNA 错配修复中仍然保留着备份和辅助作用。
