von Gaudecker B
Department of Anatomy, University of Kiel, Federal Republic of Germany.
Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1988;454:28-32. doi: 10.3109/00016488809125000.
The tonsilla palatina, belonging to the gut-associated lymphoepithelial organs (GALT), shows close morphological and functional correlation between the lymphatic tissue of mesenchymal origin and the endodermal epithelium of the second pharyngeal pouch. During the 4th fetal month epithelial crypts grow down into the connective tissue and are infiltrated by non-epithelial cells. In the underlying lymphoid tissue the first primary follicles with precursors of follicular dendritic reticulum cells can be localized already in the 14th fetal week post conceptionem (p.c.). The parafollicular areas develop into T-cell regions. Interdigitating cells in these regions as well as within the crypt epithelium express the HLA-DR antigen. They were frequently found in close contact with T-helper cells. This fact is discussed as an indication of the tonsillar crypt epithelium partly serving as T-cell region. But also B-cells and macrophages invade the crypt epithelium in great numbers with a distinctly different distribution. Natural killer (NK) cells (Leu-7-positive) are localized within the crypt epithelium. Small Leu-7-positive lymphocytes (probably precursors) have been found to be numerous in the germinal centers. The interaction of specific stationary cells in the T-cell and B-cell regions is obviously an important factor for the maturation of different subpopulations of immunocompetent lymphoid cells.
腭扁桃体属于肠道相关淋巴上皮器官（GALT），在间充质来源的淋巴组织与第二咽囊的内胚层上皮之间呈现出紧密的形态学和功能相关性。在胎儿第4个月时，上皮隐窝向下生长进入结缔组织，并被非上皮细胞浸润。在其下方的淋巴组织中，在受孕后第14周胎儿期即可定位到带有滤泡树突状网状细胞前体的第一批初级滤泡。滤泡旁区域发展为T细胞区。这些区域以及隐窝上皮内的交错突细胞表达HLA - DR抗原。它们经常被发现与辅助性T细胞紧密接触。这一事实被认为表明扁桃体隐窝上皮部分地起到了T细胞区的作用。但是B细胞和巨噬细胞也大量侵入隐窝上皮，且分布明显不同。自然杀伤（NK）细胞（Leu - 7阳性）定位于隐窝上皮内。已发现小的Leu - 7阳性淋巴细胞（可能是前体）在生发中心数量众多。T细胞区和B细胞区中特定静止细胞之间的相互作用显然是免疫活性淋巴细胞不同亚群成熟的一个重要因素。
