Addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine for local infiltration anaesthesia improves analgesic efficacy after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy: A randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to determine whether the addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine for local infiltration anaesthesia was more effective than ropivacaine alone in attenuating pain after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

METHODS

This was a double-blind randomized clinical trial. One hundred and twenty children scheduled for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy using a combination of general anaesthesia and local infiltration anaesthesia were randomized into the dexmedetomidine plus ropivacaine group (DR) and ropivacaine group (R). The children were locally infiltrated with 1 μg kg dexmedetomidine and 0.25% ropivacaine in the DR group or 0.25% ropivacaine alone in the R group. In both groups, local infiltration anaesthesia was performed using 5 ml of solution. The pain scores were recorded at the 1st, 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, 20th, and 24th hours after surgery using the Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability (FLACC) scale. When the pain score exceeded 4, paracetamol syrup (15 mg kg) was administered as a rescue analgesic. Time to the first administration of analgesic was recorded.

RESULTS

8th, 16th, 20th, and 24th hours after surgery, the children in the DR group had lower pain scores than those in the R group (P<0.05). The time to the first administration of analgesic was significantly longer in the DR group (mean: 10.4 h, range: 9.4-11.4 h) than in the R group (mean: 8.1 h, range: 7.3-8.8 h) (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The addition of dexmedetomidine to ropivacaine for local infiltration anaesthesia effectively improved the efficacy of analgesia and extended the duration of analgesia after tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.