Skin science research team, Creation & Innovation research institute, IT'S HANBUL CO., LTD., Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06101, Republic of Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea.
Skin science research team, Creation & Innovation research institute, IT'S HANBUL CO., LTD., Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06101, Republic of Korea.
Phytomedicine. 2020 Oct;77:153276. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153276. Epub 2020 Jul 1.
Skin aging, potentially caused by exposure to particulate matter (PM), is characterized by wrinkling, abnormal pigmentation, and skin dryness triggered by several keratinocyte-derived paracrine factors. Sulforaphane (4-methylsulfinylbutyl isothiocyanate, SFN), commonly found in cruciferous vegetables, has diverse biological effects on skin tissue.
In the present study, we have investigated whether SFN may alleviate PM-induced premature skin aging.
We used keratinocyte/melanocyte or keratinocyte/fibroblast coculture models of skin cells and measured the parameters of melanogenesis, collagen homeostasis and inflammation.
SFN inhibited the development of reactive oxygen species in keratinocytes exposed to PM. In keratinocyte/melanocyte cocultures, it significantly inhibited the upregulation of melanogenic paracrine mediators (including endothelin-1 and prostaglandin E2) in keratinocytes exposed to PM; the synthesis of melanogenic proteins including microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase-related protein 1, and tyrosinase; and the levels of melanin in melanocytes. SFN treatment of keratinocyte/fibroblast cocultures significantly reduced the PM-induced expression of NF-κB-mediated cytokines including interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor α, and cyclooxygenase-2. In fibroblasts of the keratinocyte/fibroblast coculture system, the expression levels of phospho-NF-κB, cysteine-rich protein 61, and matrix metalloproteinase-1 were significantly decreased whereas procollagen type I synthesis was significantly increased.
Collectively, our results suggest that SFN mitigates PM-induced premature skin aging by suppressing melanogenesis and maintaining collagen homeostasis. It acts by regulating the release of paracrine factors from keratinocytes.
皮肤老化可能是由颗粒物（PM）暴露引起的，其特征是皱纹、色素异常和皮肤干燥，这些是由几种角质细胞衍生的旁分泌因子触发的。存在于十字花科蔬菜中的萝卜硫素（4-甲基亚磺酰基丁基异硫氰酸酯，SFN）对皮肤组织具有多种生物学作用。
本研究旨在探讨 SFN 是否可以缓解 PM 诱导的皮肤过早老化。
我们使用角质细胞/黑素细胞或角质细胞/成纤维细胞共培养的皮肤细胞模型，并测量黑素生成、胶原蛋白稳态和炎症的参数。
SFN 抑制了暴露于 PM 的角质细胞中活性氧的发展。在角质细胞/黑素细胞共培养物中，它显著抑制了暴露于 PM 的角质细胞中黑素生成旁分泌介质（包括内皮素-1 和前列腺素 E2）的上调；黑素生成蛋白包括小眼畸形相关转录因子、酪氨酸酶相关蛋白 1 和酪氨酸酶的合成；以及黑素细胞中的黑色素水平。SFN 处理角质细胞/成纤维细胞共培养物可显著降低 PM 诱导的 NF-κB 介导的细胞因子（包括白细胞介素-1β、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α和环氧化酶-2）的表达。在角质细胞/成纤维细胞共培养系统的成纤维细胞中，磷酸化 NF-κB、富含半胱氨酸蛋白 61 和基质金属蛋白酶-1 的表达水平显著降低，而原胶原蛋白 I 的合成显著增加。
总的来说，我们的结果表明，SFN 通过抑制黑素生成和维持胶原蛋白稳态来减轻 PM 诱导的皮肤过早老化。它通过调节角质细胞旁分泌因子的释放来发挥作用。
