Connaghan Kathryn P, Wertheim Chelsea, Laures-Gore Jacqueline S, Russell Scott, Patel Rupal
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
Communication Sciences and Disorders Program, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2021 Jun;23(3):265-274. doi: 10.1080/17549507.2020.1768286. Epub 2020 Jul 14.
To explore the influence of listener profession on impressions of speakers with dysarthria with varying intelligibility using semantic differential scales. Three listener groups (undergraduate students, emergency workers, speech-language pathologists (SLPs); = 38) rated non-speech attributes of six adults with dysarthria that ranged from low to high speech intelligibility. Participants rated 22 bipolar adjective pairs and listening effort on visual analogue scales. Following factor analysis of the semantic differential scales, listener impression and effort ratings were compared across listening groups and speaker intelligibility.
Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that neither impressions nor effort ratings differed across listener groups. However, impressions significantly decreased and listening effort significantly increased with reduced intelligibility. Analysis of the semantic differential scale items revealed two factors (Capability, Personality) that predicted 52% of the variance. Listener impressions were significantly higher for Personality than Capability. Preliminary findings suggest that speakers with dysarthria with reduced intelligibility are at risk to be negatively judged, particularly on their physical and mental capability. This study demonstrates the promise of employing semantic differential scales to investigate listener impressions and therefore the daily communication experiences of speakers with dysarthria. SLPs should consider patient experience of negative impressions when designing treatment.
使用语义差异量表探讨听众职业对具有不同可懂度的构音障碍患者的印象的影响。三个听众组（本科生、急救人员、言语语言病理学家（SLP）；n = 38）对六名构音障碍成年人的非言语属性进行评分，这些成年人的言语可懂度从低到高不等。参与者在视觉模拟量表上对22对双极形容词和听觉努力程度进行评分。在对语义差异量表进行因子分析之后，比较了不同听众组和说话者可懂度下的听众印象和努力程度评分。
重复测量方差分析显示，不同听众组之间的印象和努力程度评分均无差异。然而，随着可懂度降低，印象显著下降，听觉努力程度显著增加。对语义差异量表项目的分析揭示了两个因子（能力、个性），它们预测了52%的方差。听众对个性的印象显著高于对能力的印象。初步研究结果表明，可懂度降低的构音障碍患者有被负面评价的风险，尤其是在他们的身心能力方面。本研究证明了使用语义差异量表来调查听众印象以及因此调查构音障碍患者日常交流体验的前景。言语语言病理学家在设计治疗方案时应考虑患者负面印象的体验。
