Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2020;38:e2018398. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018398. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
To evaluate the impact of pediatric asthma on patients of a specialized outpatient clinic in Southern Brazil.
The study included children aged 8 to 17 years old with asthma diagnosis (mild, moderate and severe) under treatment at the asthma clinic of Hospital São Lucas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Brazil. Measurements of spirometry, quality of life, disease control and atopy tests were applied.
A total of 66 children were included in the study and divided into groups, according to the severity of the disease: mild, moderate or severe asthma. The results showed similarities in both the treatment and the impact of asthma between groups, except for adherence to treatment: the group with mild asthma showed least adherence to treatment, and the group with severe asthma, greater adherence (p=0.011). As to school absenteeism, the group with severe asthma showed higher frequency (p=0.012), with over 10 days per year (p=0.043). Spirometry showed lower volume/capacity for the group with moderate asthma, followed by the groups with severe and mild asthma. All groups had a high prevalence of allergic asthma, with mites as the main allergens. For quality of life (QOL), and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) levels, there were no differences between groups. In addition, the values were close to the acceptable levels for the total score and for each one of the six domains. The same occurred for the HRQOL-asthma module.
QOL and HRQOL present acceptable levels regardless of the severity of the disease.
评估小儿哮喘对巴西南部一家专科门诊患者的影响。
本研究纳入了在巴西南里奥格兰德联邦大学圣卢卡斯医院哮喘诊所接受治疗的 8 至 17 岁哮喘诊断（轻度、中度和重度）的儿童。进行了肺功能测定、生活质量、疾病控制和变应原检测。
共有 66 名儿童被纳入研究，并根据疾病严重程度分为轻度、中度或重度哮喘组。结果显示，各组在治疗和哮喘影响方面存在相似性，但治疗依从性除外：轻度哮喘组的治疗依从性最低，而重度哮喘组的治疗依从性最高（p=0.011）。就缺课而言，重度哮喘组的缺勤频率更高（p=0.012），每年超过 10 天（p=0.043）。中度哮喘组的肺功能体积/容量较低，其次是重度和轻度哮喘组。所有组均有较高的过敏性哮喘患病率，以螨类为主要过敏原。在生活质量（QOL）和健康相关生活质量（HRQOL）方面，各组之间无差异。此外，总评分和六个领域的每个领域的得分均接近可接受水平。HRQOL-哮喘模块也同样如此。
无论疾病严重程度如何，QOL 和 HRQOL 均呈现可接受水平。
