Nucleo de Epidemiologia Psiquiatrica (LIM-23), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.
Programa de Ansiedade, Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, BR.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2020;75:e1610. doi: 10.6061/clinics/2020/e1610. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
To report the prevalence and factors associated with the use of benzodiazepines in the general population and those with a mental health condition in the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil.
5,037 individuals from the Sao Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey data were interviewed using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, designed to generate DSM-IV diagnoses. Additionally, participants were asked if they had taken any medication in the previous 12 months for the treatment of any mental health condition.
The prevalence of benzodiazepine use ranged from 3.6% in the general population to 7.8% among subjects with a mental health condition. Benzodiazepine use was more prevalent in subjects that had been diagnosed with a mood disorder as opposed to an anxiety disorder (14.7% vs. 8.1%, respectively). Subjects that had been diagnosed with a panic disorder (33.7%) or bipolar I/II (23.3%) reported the highest use. Individuals aged ≥50 years (11.1%), those with two or more disorders (11.2%), those with moderate or severe disorders (10%), and those that used psychiatric services (29.8%) also reported higher use.
These findings give an overview of the use of benzodiazepines in the general population, which will be useful in the public health domain. Benzodiazepine use was higher in those with a mental health condition, with people that had a mood disorder being the most vulnerable. Furthermore, females and the elderly had high benzodiazepine use, so careful management in these groups is required.
报告巴西圣保罗大都市地区普通人群和精神健康人群中使用苯二氮䓬类药物的流行情况及相关因素。
使用复合国际诊断访谈对来自圣保罗大都市心理健康调查数据的 5037 名个体进行访谈，该访谈旨在生成 DSM-IV 诊断。此外，还询问了参与者在过去 12 个月中是否因任何精神健康状况服用过任何药物。
苯二氮䓬类药物的使用率范围为普通人群的 3.6%至精神健康人群的 7.8%。与焦虑障碍相比，患有心境障碍的患者使用苯二氮䓬类药物更为普遍（分别为 14.7%和 8.1%）。被诊断患有恐慌症（33.7%）或双相 I/II 障碍（23.3%）的患者报告的使用率最高。年龄≥50 岁的个体（11.1%）、有两种或两种以上疾病的个体（11.2%）、中度或重度疾病的个体（10%）以及使用精神科服务的个体（29.8%）也报告了更高的使用率。
这些发现概述了普通人群中苯二氮䓬类药物的使用情况，这将对公共卫生领域有用。在有精神健康状况的人群中，苯二氮䓬类药物的使用更高，患有心境障碍的人群最脆弱。此外，女性和老年人的苯二氮䓬类药物使用率较高，因此需要在这些人群中进行谨慎管理。
