Schmidt Frank M, Mergl Roland, Minkwitz Juliane, Holdt Lesca M, Teupser Daniel, Hegerl Ulrich, Himmerich Hubertus, Sander Christian
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Bundeswehr University Munich, Munich, Germany.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Jun 25;11:563. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00563. eCollection 2020.
Cytokines are mediators of inflammation that contribute to a low-grade inflammation in different disorders like major depression and obesity. It still remains unclear which psychological and medical factors interact with cytokine regulation. In the current investigation, the association between levels of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and anthropometrics, mood state (depressiveness), physical activity and sleep were investigated in a sample of community-dwelled adults.
Forty-nine subjects met the inclusion criteria for analyses and were assessed at two time-points (baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2), average T1-T2-interval = 215 days). Serum cytokine measures included the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-12, IFN-γ and TNF-α, the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-13 and the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF); anthropometrics were assessed physical examination, depressiveness was assessed Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)2, parameters of physical activity (steps, METs) and sleep (night/total sleep duration) were measured a 1-week actigraphy.
Correlation analyses showed low-to moderate significant relationships between the majority of cytokines and the BDI2 at T1, positive correlation with weight and BMI at T1 and T2, and negative correlations with the number of steps and METs at T2 and T2. Regression analyses for T1 revealed that the BDI2 score was the best positive predictor for the concentrations of all nine cytokines, followed by the number of steps and the nightsleep duration as negative predictors. At T2, the amount of steps was found to be negatively associated with IL-4, IL5, IL-10, GM-CSF, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, whereas the BMI could significantly predict IL-12 and IL-13. The BDI2-score was not significantly associated with any of the cytokines. No associations could be found between dynamics in cytokines from T1 and T2 and changes in any of the variables.
The present results indicate an influence of physical activity, subjective well-being and body composition on inflammatory mediators. Since there was no standardized intervention targeting the independent variables between T1 and T2, no assumptions on causality can be drawn from the association results.
细胞因子是炎症介质，在诸如重度抑郁症和肥胖症等不同疾病中会导致低度炎症。目前仍不清楚哪些心理和医学因素与细胞因子调节相互作用。在当前的调查中，我们在一组社区居住的成年人样本中研究了促炎和抗炎细胞因子水平与人体测量学、情绪状态（抑郁程度）、身体活动和睡眠之间的关联。
49名受试者符合分析的纳入标准，并在两个时间点（基线（T1）和随访（T2），T1 - T2平均间隔 = 215天）进行了评估。血清细胞因子检测包括促炎细胞因子白细胞介素（IL）-2、IL-12、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α），抗炎细胞因子IL-4、IL-5、IL-10和IL-13以及粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）；通过体格检查评估人体测量学指标，使用贝克抑郁量表（BDI）2评估抑郁程度，通过为期1周的活动记录仪测量身体活动参数（步数、代谢当量）和睡眠（夜间/总睡眠时间）。
相关性分析显示，大多数细胞因子与T1时的BDI2之间存在低到中度的显著关系，与T1和T2时的体重和体重指数呈正相关，与T2和T2时的步数和代谢当量呈负相关。T1的回归分析表明，BDI2得分是所有九种细胞因子浓度的最佳正向预测因子，其次是步数和夜间睡眠时间作为负向预测因子。在T2时，发现步数与IL-4、IL-5、IL-10、GM-CSF、IFN-γ和TNF-α呈负相关，而体重指数可显著预测IL-12和IL-13。BDI2得分与任何细胞因子均无显著关联。在T1和T2的细胞因子动态变化与任何变量的变化之间未发现关联。
目前的结果表明身体活动、主观幸福感和身体成分对炎症介质有影响。由于在T1和T2之间没有针对自变量的标准化干预，因此无法从关联结果中得出因果关系的假设。
