Tanneeru Swetha, Mahendra Jaideep, Shaik Mahaboob Vali
Department of Periodontology, Narayana Dental College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of Periodontology, Meenakshi Ammal Dental College & Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2020 Mar 10;10(2):171-176. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_341_19. eCollection 2020 Mar-Apr.
Previous studies showed associated periodontal disease with various systemic ailments. This research work was aimed at studying the presence and role of periodontal microflora on preeclampsia during pregnancy.
A cross-sectional study was designed on pregnant women with preeclampsia with and without chronic periodontitis, attending Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India, for prenatal checkups. After obtaining consents, 445 women were recruited in the study. On the basis of systemic and periodontal health, subjects were grouped into Group 1 (women with preeclampsia with chronic periodontitis) and Group 2 (women with preeclampsia without chronic periodontitis). Clinical parameters such as plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded. Quantification of periodontopathic bacteria (, , , , ), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV), were detected using real-time polymerase chain reaction in subgingival samples at one point of time and later compared in placental tissue after parturition.
, , , , EBV, CMV, and HSV were expressed more in Group 3 compared to those in Groups 2, 4, and 1, in their subgingival and placental samples.
Elevated levels of bacteria and viruses were expressed in subgingival and placental samples in women with preeclampsia with chronic periodontitis compared to those in women with preeclampsia without chronic periodontitis. This shows that chronic periodontitis is a risk factor for preeclampsia. The results concluded that periodontal flora is not only localized to periodontal tissues but can also enter uterine cavity and may elicit their pathological response on mother and developing fetus.
以往研究表明牙周病与多种全身性疾病有关。本研究旨在探讨孕期牙周微生物群在子痫前期中的存在情况及作用。
对印度安得拉邦内洛尔市纳拉亚纳医学院和医院进行产前检查的患或未患慢性牙周炎的子痫前期孕妇开展一项横断面研究。获得知情同意后，445名女性被纳入研究。根据全身和牙周健康状况，受试者被分为第1组（患慢性牙周炎的子痫前期女性）和第2组（未患慢性牙周炎的子痫前期女性）。记录菌斑指数、探诊出血、探诊深度和临床附着水平等临床参数。使用实时聚合酶链反应在龈下样本中某一时刻检测牙周病原菌（、、、、）、爱泼斯坦 - 巴尔病毒（EBV）、巨细胞病毒（CMV）和单纯疱疹病毒（HSV），产后在胎盘组织中进行比较。
与第2组、第4组和第1组相比，第3组龈下和胎盘样本中、、、、EBV、CMV和HSV表达更高。
与未患慢性牙周炎的子痫前期女性相比，患慢性牙周炎的子痫前期女性龈下和胎盘样本中细菌和病毒水平升高。这表明慢性牙周炎是子痫前期的一个危险因素。结果得出，牙周菌群不仅局限于牙周组织，还可进入子宫腔，并可能对母亲和发育中的胎儿引发病理反应。
