Cota Luís Otávio Miranda, Guimarães Alessandra Neves, Costa José Eustáquio, Lorentz Telma Campos Medeiros, Costa Fernando Oliveira
Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
J Periodontol. 2006 Dec;77(12):2063-9. doi: 10.1902/jop.2006.060061.
Periodontal disease has been considered a systemic exposure implicated in a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of the present study was to determine whether maternal periodontitis is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia.
A case-control study was conducted in a public hospital in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. During the study period, 588 women, aged 14 to 46 years, were deemed eligible and had data available for analysis. Maternal demographic and medical data were collected from medical records. Preeclampsia was defined as blood pressure >140/90 mm Hg and > or =1+ proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. A periodontal examination was performed postpartum. Maternal periodontitis was defined as the presence of four or more teeth with one or more sites with a probing depth > or =4 mm and clinical attachment loss > or =3 mm at the same site. The effects of maternal age, chronic hypertension, primiparity, smoking, alcohol use, and number of prenatal visits were analyzed. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for preeclampsia were calculated using multivariate logistic regression.
The prevalence of periodontitis was 63.9% and preeclampsia was 18.5%. Variables associated with preeclampsia were chronic hypertension (OR = 4.10; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.0 to 8.4; P = 0.001), primiparity (OR = 2.40; 95% CI = 1.5 to 3.9; P = 0.004), maternal age (OR = 1.07; 95% CI = 1.0 to 1.1; P = 0.001), and maternal periodontitis (OR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.1 to 3.0; P = 0.001).
Maternal periodontitis was determined to be associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia.
牙周疾病被认为是一种全身性暴露因素，与不良妊娠结局的较高风险相关。本研究的目的是确定孕妇牙周炎是否与子痫前期风险增加有关。
在巴西贝洛奥里藏特的一家公立医院进行了一项病例对照研究。在研究期间，588名年龄在14至46岁之间的女性被认为符合条件且有可供分析的数据。从病历中收集产妇的人口统计学和医学数据。子痫前期的定义为妊娠20周后血压>140/90 mmHg且蛋白尿≥1+。产后进行牙周检查。孕妇牙周炎的定义为存在四颗或更多牙齿，且同一部位有一个或多个探诊深度≥4 mm且临床附着丧失≥3 mm的位点。分析了产妇年龄、慢性高血压、初产、吸烟、饮酒和产前检查次数的影响。使用多因素逻辑回归计算子痫前期的调整比值比（OR）。
牙周炎患病率为63.9%，子痫前期患病率为18.5%。与子痫前期相关的变量有慢性高血压（OR = 4.10；95%置信区间[CI] = 2.0至8.4；P = 0.001）、初产（OR = 2.40；95% CI = 1.5至3.9；P = 0.004）、产妇年龄（OR = 1.07；95% CI = 1.0至1.1；P = 0.001）和孕妇牙周炎（OR = 1.88；95% CI = 1.1至3.0；P = 0.001）。
孕妇牙周炎被确定与子痫前期风险增加有关。
