Nessler Jasmin, Wohlsein Peter, Junginger Johannes, Hansmann Florian, Erath Johannes, Söbbeler Franz, Dziallas Peter, Tipold Andrea
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hanover, Germany.
Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine Foundation, Hanover, Germany.
Front Vet Sci. 2020 May 22;7:291. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00291. eCollection 2020.
Meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown origin (MUO) is an umbrella term describing inflammatory changes of the central nervous system (CNS) with suspected non-infectious etiology. Diagnosis of MUO mostly remains presumed in a clinical setting. Histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of CNS tissue represent additional tools for detection of inflammation and the exclusion of specific infectious agents. While MUO is well-described in canine patients, only little is known about MUO in cats. Previous reports of feline MUO involve either clinical findings or histopathological examination but not both. The present case series is the first report describing both clinical and histopathological findings of feline MUO: Four cats (age: 1.7-17.8 years) showed acute to chronic progressive neurological signs of encephalopathy or myelopathy. Three cats had extraneural signs (hyperthermia, weight loss, hyporexia, leukocytosis). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multifocal intraparenchymal lesions in forebrain, brainstem or spinal cord with homogenous contrast enhancement (2/2). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination was normal or displayed albuminocytologic dissociation. Histopathology revealed a multifocal, lympho-histiocytic meningoencephalitis in three cases and a lympho-histiocytic myelitis in one case. Immunohistochemistry for feline parvovirus, feline coronavirus, feline herpesvirus, tick borne encephalitis virus, Borna disease virus, morbillivirus, rabies virus, suid herpesvirus-1, and were negative in all cases.
This case series is the first one reporting both clinical and histopathological findings in cats with MUO. Feline MUO incorporates heterogeneous subtypes of sterile CNS inflammation.
不明原因的脑膜脑脊髓炎（MUO）是一个概括性术语，用于描述中枢神经系统（CNS）具有疑似非感染性病因的炎症变化。在临床环境中，MUO的诊断大多仍为推测性。CNS组织的组织病理学和免疫组织化学检查是检测炎症和排除特定感染因子的额外工具。虽然MUO在犬类患者中已有充分描述，但关于猫类MUO的了解却很少。先前关于猫类MUO的报道仅涉及临床发现或组织病理学检查，而非两者兼具。本病例系列是第一份描述猫类MUO临床和组织病理学发现的报告：四只猫（年龄：1.7 - 17.8岁）表现出急性至慢性进行性脑病或脊髓病的神经症状。三只猫有神经外症状（高热、体重减轻、食欲减退、白细胞增多）。磁共振成像（MRI）显示前脑、脑干或脊髓内有多处实质内病变，呈均匀对比增强（2/2）。脑脊液（CSF）检查正常或显示蛋白细胞分离。组织病理学显示三例为多灶性淋巴细胞 - 组织细胞性脑膜脑炎，一例为淋巴细胞 - 组织细胞性脊髓炎。针对猫细小病毒、猫冠状病毒、猫疱疹病毒、蜱传脑炎病毒、博尔纳病病毒、麻疹病毒、狂犬病病毒、猪疱疹病毒 - 1等的免疫组织化学检查在所有病例中均为阴性。
本病例系列是第一份报告猫类MUO临床和组织病理学发现的报告。猫类MUO包含无菌性CNS炎症的异质性亚型。
