Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
J Diabetes. 2021 Jan;13(1):54-62. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.13088. Epub 2020 Sep 2.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Because galectin-3 has been proposed to regulate obesity and insulin resistance in mice, we hypothesized that circulating galectin-3 levels are associated with presence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), progesterone, and insulin resistance.
Circulating galectin-3 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in women with GDM (n = 137) and their controls (n = 81). Associations of galectin-3 and progesterone with GDM and insulin resistance were evaluated using regression models.
Circulating galectin-3 levels were increased in the individuals with GDM (P < .001) and associated significantly with progesterone (r = 0.42, P < .001), gestational age at sampling (r = 0.23, P < .001), current body mass index (BMI; r = 0.17, P = .02), estrogen (r = 0.15, P < .03), fasting glucose (r = 0.41, P < .001), fasting insulin (r = 0.39, P < .001), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; r = 0.44, P < .001). After adjustment for potential confounders, including current BMI, subjects in the highest tertile of galectin-3 levels were more likely to have GDM (odds ratio 4.71, 95% confidence interval 2.01-11.06) as compared with the lowest tertile. The association between circulating galectin-3 levels and GDM remained significant after adjusting for progesterone, but significantly attenuated after adjustment with HOMA-IR. Furthermore, the multiple linear regression analyses after adjustment for confounders showed an independent association between galectin-3 levels and HOMA-IR (β = .41, P < .001), suggesting that association of circulating gelactin-3 levels with GDM might be mediated via insulin resistance. Progesterone demonstrated the expected associations with galectin-3, GDM, and HOMA-IR.
Circulating galectin-3 levels are associated with GDM possibly through increased insulin resistance. The association of galectin-3 with progesterone highlights a potential role of progesterone in its interaction with galectin-3.
背景/目的：因为半乳糖凝集素-3 被提出可以调节肥胖和胰岛素抵抗，所以我们假设循环半乳糖凝集素-3 水平与妊娠糖尿病（GDM）、孕激素和胰岛素抵抗有关。
我们使用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测量了 137 名 GDM 患者和 81 名对照组患者的循环半乳糖凝集素-3 水平。我们使用回归模型评估了半乳糖凝集素-3 和孕激素与 GDM 和胰岛素抵抗的关系。
GDM 患者的循环半乳糖凝集素-3 水平升高（P <.001），并与孕激素显著相关（r = 0.42，P <.001），与采样时的妊娠周数（r = 0.23，P <.001）、当前体重指数（BMI；r = 0.17，P =.02）、雌激素（r = 0.15，P <.03）、空腹血糖（r = 0.41，P <.001）、空腹胰岛素（r = 0.39，P <.001）和稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR；r = 0.44，P <.001）相关。在校正了潜在的混杂因素后，包括当前的 BMI，半乳糖凝集素-3 水平最高的三分位组患者发生 GDM 的可能性高于最低三分位组（比值比 4.71，95%置信区间 2.01-11.06）。在校正孕激素后，循环半乳糖凝集素-3 水平与 GDM 之间的关联仍然显著，但在校正 HOMA-IR 后，关联显著减弱。此外，在校正混杂因素后的多元线性回归分析显示，半乳糖凝集素-3 水平与 HOMA-IR 之间存在独立关联（β =.41，P <.001），这表明循环凝胶素-3 水平与 GDM 的关联可能是通过胰岛素抵抗介导的。孕激素与半乳糖凝集素-3、GDM 和 HOMA-IR 呈预期相关。
循环半乳糖凝集素-3 水平与 GDM 相关，可能是通过增加胰岛素抵抗。半乳糖凝集素-3 与孕激素的关联突出了孕激素在其与半乳糖凝集素-3 相互作用中的潜在作用。
