From the Department of Orthopaedics, New York Presbyterian, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY (Dr. Trofa, Mr. Obana, Dr. Herndon, Dr. Noticewala, Dr. Popkin, and Dr. Ahmad); and the Department of Orthopaedics, Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Boston, MA (Dr. Parisien).
J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2020 Jan;4(1):e1900104. doi: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-19-00104.
There are a number of nonsurgical modalities used by athletes in attempts to improve performance or prevent, treat, and rehabilitate musculoskeletal injuries. A concise review of available evidence on common nonsurgical modalities used today is necessary so that practitioners may appropriately counsel patients.
A comprehensive review of relevant publications regarding Kinesio taping, sports massage therapy, and acupuncture from 2006 through 2019 was completed using PubMed and Google Scholar.
There have been numerous investigations evaluating the efficacy of nonsurgical modalities for a myriad of musculoskeletal conditions. There is some low level evidence to suggest the use of Kinesio tape for athletes with acute shoulder symptoms and acupuncture for carpal tunnel syndrome and as an adjunct treatment for low back pain. There is a need for higher quality research to better elucidate the effect of sports massage therapy on sports performance, recovery, and musculoskeletal conditions in general.
Nonsurgical modalities are low-cost treatment strategies with very few reported adverse outcomes that will likely continue to increase in popularity. High-quality studies are needed to effectively evaluate these treatments, so that care providers can provide appropriate guidance based on evidence-based medicine.
运动员会采用多种非手术方法来提高运动表现或预防、治疗和康复肌肉骨骼损伤。因此，有必要对当前常用的常见非手术方法的现有证据进行简明综述，以便从业者能够为患者提供适当的建议。
通过使用 PubMed 和 Google Scholar，对 2006 年至 2019 年期间有关运动贴扎、运动按摩疗法和针灸的相关文献进行了全面综述。
已经有大量研究评估了非手术方法对多种肌肉骨骼疾病的疗效。有一些低水平的证据表明，运动贴布对于急性肩部症状的运动员、腕管综合征的针灸以及作为腰痛的辅助治疗是有效的。需要进行高质量的研究，以更好地阐明运动按摩疗法对运动表现、恢复和一般肌肉骨骼疾病的影响。
非手术方法是低成本的治疗策略，几乎没有报道不良后果，而且可能会越来越受欢迎。需要高质量的研究来有效地评估这些治疗方法，以便护理人员能够根据循证医学为患者提供适当的指导。
