Agostini Francesco, de Sire Alessandro, Finamore Nikolaos, Savina Alessio, Sveva Valerio, Fisicaro Andrea, Fricano Alessio, Longo Umile Giuseppe, Ammendolia Antonio, Bernetti Andrea, Mangone Massimiliano, Paoloni Marco
Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jul 29;14(15):5355. doi: 10.3390/jcm14155355.
The rehabilitative treatment of muscle injuries is mostly conservative, but it does not always follow precise protocols. Appropriate physiotherapy, exercises, and training are essential components of the rehabilitation and reconditioning of injured muscles. The purpose of this review is to assess the good rehabilitative practices in the treatment of patients affected by muscle injuries. We performed research on Medline and Cochrane Database. Guidelines focusing on the rehabilitative treatment of muscle injuries were evaluated for inclusion. Statements about non-rehabilitative treatments were also reported only for the guidelines that mainly focused on rehabilitative treatments. Eight guidelines meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the review. Results were framed into a narrative overview. Two of them mainly focused on hamstring rehabilitation, the others focused on several muscular districts. Conservative treatment of muscle injuries is currently the gold standard, with good results in terms of both rehabilitation times and post-injury sports performance. However, there is not a complete agreement on the type of exercises and the timing of rehabilitation when these should be performed. More research is needed to draw conclusions about the use of physical therapy instruments and other rehabilitation approaches and techniques.
肌肉损伤的康复治疗大多是保守治疗，但并不总是遵循精确的方案。适当的物理治疗、锻炼和训练是受伤肌肉康复和恢复的重要组成部分。本综述的目的是评估治疗肌肉损伤患者的良好康复实践。我们在Medline和Cochrane数据库上进行了研究。对专注于肌肉损伤康复治疗的指南进行了纳入评估。仅针对主要专注于康复治疗的指南，也报告了关于非康复治疗的声明。八项符合纳入标准的指南被纳入综述。结果被整理成一篇叙述性综述。其中两项主要关注腘绳肌康复，其他的则关注多个肌肉区域。目前，肌肉损伤的保守治疗是金标准，在康复时间和伤后运动表现方面都有良好效果。然而，在锻炼类型以及康复应进行的时间安排上，尚未达成完全一致。需要更多研究才能得出关于物理治疗仪器及其他康复方法和技术使用的结论。
