Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Associate Editor, JAMA Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery.
JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020 Sep 1;146(9):810-815. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2020.1836.
Sinonasal remedies are the most frequently purchased category of over-the-counter (OTC) drugs in the United States. A variety of options for relief are available under proprietary names, although the actual number of available options may not be readily appreciated by the consumer or the clinician.
To determine the prevalence of specific ingredients in OTC sinonasal products.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study took physical inventory of brand-name and generic OTC drugs marketed as sinus, cold, allergy, or nasal remedies. Retail pharmacies in New Orleans, Louisiana, commercial websites, and the Drugs, Herbs and Supplements section of MedlinePlus and drugs.com were searched. Data were collected and analyzed from July 1 to 31, 2018.
Frequency of active ingredients in OTC formulations.
Five pharmacies were visited to identify 18 brands, for which the commercial websites were then searched. The 14 most common brands represented 211 unique products. Only 8 unique nonanalgesic ingredients were identified among these products, with many products sold under the same brand name and with the same active ingredient. Phenylephrine hydrochloride, dextromethorphan hydrobromide, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride, guaifenesin, chlorpheniramine maleate, brompheniramine maleate, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, and doxylamine succinate were the common active ingredients, with all available OTC sinonasal remedies consisting of 1 or more of these ingredients. The frequency of occurrence of each ingredient ranged from 10 to 261 different products. Combinations of 2, 3, or 4 active ingredients occurred frequently in OTC sinonasal products.
These findings suggest that proliferation of brand extension products under a common name is pervasive. Clinicians should be aware of the large array of redundant OTC formulations and lack of specificity when discussing brand-name sinonasal remedies with their patients.
在美国，鼻腔鼻窦药物是最常被消费者购买的非处方（OTC）药物类别。尽管消费者或临床医生可能无法轻易理解，但实际上有多种可供选择的缓解方法以商品名的形式出现。
确定 OTC 鼻腔鼻窦产品中特定成分的流行程度。
设计、地点和参与者：这是一项横断面研究，对以鼻窦、感冒、过敏或鼻腔缓解为卖点的品牌和通用 OTC 药物进行实物盘点。研究地点在路易斯安那州新奥尔良市的零售药店、商业网站，以及 MedlinePlus 和 drugs.com 的药物、草药和补充剂部分。数据于 2018 年 7 月 1 日至 31 日采集和分析。
OTC 制剂中活性成分的频率。
共访问了 5 家药店以确定 18 个品牌，然后对这些品牌的商业网站进行搜索。14 个最常见的品牌代表了 211 个不同的产品。在这些产品中仅确定了 8 种独特的非镇痛成分，许多产品以相同的品牌名称和相同的活性成分销售。盐酸苯福林、氢溴酸右美沙芬、盐酸伪麻黄碱、愈创甘油醚、马来酸氯苯那敏、马来酸溴苯那敏、盐酸苯海拉明和琥珀酸二氢可待因是常见的活性成分，所有可用的 OTC 鼻腔鼻窦药物均由 1 种或多种这些成分组成。每种成分的出现频率在 10 到 261 种不同产品之间不等。2、3 或 4 种活性成分的组合在 OTC 鼻腔鼻窦产品中经常出现。
这些发现表明，以常见商品名推广品牌延伸产品的现象非常普遍。临床医生在与患者讨论品牌名鼻腔鼻窦药物时，应注意到大量冗余的 OTC 配方，并且缺乏特异性。
