Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bülowsvej 34, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Bülowsvej 34, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Trends Plant Sci. 2020 Aug;25(8):744-764. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.03.005. Epub 2020 Apr 11.
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histone residues shape the landscape of gene expression by modulating the dynamic process of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) transcription. The contribution of particular histone modifications to the definition of distinct RNAPII transcription stages remains poorly characterized in plants. Chromatin immunoprecipitation combined with next-generation sequencing (ChIP-seq) resolves the genomic distribution of histone modifications. Here, we review histone PTM ChIP-seq data in Arabidopsis thaliana and find support for a Genomic Positioning System (GPS) that guides RNAPII transcription. We review the roles of histone PTM 'readers', 'writers', and 'erasers', with a focus on the regulation of gene expression and biological functions in plants. The distinct functions of RNAPII transcription during the plant transcription cycle may rely, in part, on the characteristic histone PTM profiles that distinguish transcription stages.
组蛋白残基的翻译后修饰（PTMs）通过调节 RNA 聚合酶 II（RNAPII）转录的动态过程来塑造基因表达的格局。在植物中，特定组蛋白修饰对定义不同的 RNAPII 转录阶段的贡献仍未得到很好的描述。染色质免疫沉淀结合下一代测序（ChIP-seq）解决了组蛋白修饰的基因组分布问题。在这里，我们回顾了拟南芥中的组蛋白 PTM ChIP-seq 数据，并找到了支持指导 RNAPII 转录的基因组定位系统（GPS）的证据。我们回顾了组蛋白 PTM“读取器”、“写入器”和“擦除器”的作用，重点关注基因表达的调控和植物中的生物学功能。在植物转录周期中，RNAPII 转录的不同功能可能部分依赖于区分转录阶段的特征组蛋白 PTM 谱。
