Berr Alexandre, Shafiq Sarfraz, Shen Wen-Hui
Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes du CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg CEDEX, France.
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Oct;1809(10):567-76. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2011.07.001. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
In eukaryotic cell nuclei, chromatin states dictated by different combinations of post-translational modifications of histones, such as acetylation, methylation and monoubiquitination of lysine residues, are part of the multitude of epigenomes involved in the fine-tuning of all genetic functions and in particular transcription. During the past decade, an increasing number of 'writers', 'readers' and 'erasers' of histone modifications have been identified. Characterization of these factors in Arabidopsis has unraveled their pivotal roles in the regulation of essential processes, such as floral transition, cell differentiation, gametogenesis, and plant response/adaptation to environmental stresses. In this review we focus on histone modification marks associated with transcriptional activation to highlight current knowledge on Arabidopsis 'writers', 'readers' and 'erasers' of histone modifications and to discuss recent findings on molecular mechanisms of integration of histone modifications with the RNA polymerase II transcriptional machinery during transcription of the flowering repressor gene FLC.
在真核细胞核中，由组蛋白翻译后修饰的不同组合所决定的染色质状态，比如赖氨酸残基的乙酰化、甲基化和单泛素化，是参与所有基因功能精细调控尤其是转录调控的众多表观基因组的一部分。在过去十年里，已鉴定出越来越多的组蛋白修饰“书写者”“阅读者”和“擦除者”。对拟南芥中这些因子的特性研究揭示了它们在调控基本过程（如开花转变、细胞分化、配子发生以及植物对环境胁迫的响应/适应）中的关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们聚焦于与转录激活相关的组蛋白修饰标记，以突出关于拟南芥组蛋白修饰“书写者”“阅读者”和“擦除者”的当前知识，并讨论在开花抑制基因FLC转录过程中组蛋白修饰与RNA聚合酶II转录机制整合的分子机制的最新发现。
