Nebes R D, Boller F, Holland A
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh.
Psychol Aging. 1986 Sep;1(3):261-9. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.1.3.261.
In this study we used semantic-priming procedures to examine limitations in the use of semantic context by patients with Alzheimer's disease. We also tried to determine whether any such contextual effects were mediated solely through automatic processes or whether attentional processes were also involved. Three tasks were applied to examine the effect of semantic context on the performance of 18 normal elderly and 18 normal young subjects, and on 18 patients with Alzheimer's disease. When normal and demented subjects were asked to decide whether a given item was a member of a certain category, results showed that their response times were equally affected by the item's dominance in the category. The time that demented patients took to recognize a word was actually affected more by the semantic context provided by a priming sentence than was that of normal subjects. When asked to generate the final word of an incomplete sentence, demented subjects performed very poorly unless potential responses were highly constrained by sentence context.
在本研究中，我们采用语义启动程序来检验阿尔茨海默病患者在利用语义语境方面的局限性。我们还试图确定，此类语境效应是否仅通过自动加工过程介导，或者注意过程是否也参与其中。应用三项任务来检验语义语境对18名正常老年人、18名正常年轻人以及18名阿尔茨海默病患者表现的影响。当要求正常受试者和痴呆受试者判断某一给定项目是否属于某一特定类别时，结果显示，他们的反应时间同样受到该项目在类别中主导性的影响。与正常受试者相比，痴呆患者识别一个单词所花费的时间实际上受启动句提供的语义语境影响更大。当要求生成一个不完整句子的最后一个单词时，痴呆受试者表现非常差，除非潜在反应受到句子语境的高度限制。
