Division of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Physical Education, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA.
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2020 Dec;45(12):1377-1386. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0993.
We compared the effects of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, and combined aerobic and resistance exercise on total, regional subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral AT (VAT), skeletal muscle (SM), and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in adolescents. Adolescents with overweight/obesity ( = 118; body mass index ≥ 85th percentile; age, 12-17 years) were randomized to 1 of the following groups for 6 months (3 days/week, 180 min/week): aerobic exercise ( = 38), resistance exercise ( = 40), or combined aerobic and resistance exercise ( = 40). After accounting for age, sex, and baseline value, there was a greater ( < 0.05) reduction in body weight in the aerobic exercise group compared with the resistance exercise group and the combined groups. There were reductions ( < 0.05) in total and regional SAT within the aerobic exercise group only, and the reductions in lower-body SAT were greater ( = 0.02) than the combined group. All groups had reductions ( < 0.01) in VAT, with no group differences. There were significant increases in total and regional SM mass in the resistance exercise and combined group, and not in the aerobic exercise group. Although all exercise modalities are effective in reducing VAT, aerobic exercise is superior at reducing total and regional SAT, but inferior for increasing SM in adolescents with obesity. Despite reductions in VAT, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid intima-media thickness did not improve with either exercise. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT01938950. Regular exercise (180 min/week) is associated with reductions in visceral fat independent of exercise modality. Resistance exercise alone and combined resistance and aerobic exercise are similarly effective in increasing SM mass.
我们比较了有氧运动、抗阻运动和有氧与抗阻运动结合对青少年全身、局部皮下脂肪组织（SAT）和内脏脂肪组织（VAT）、骨骼肌（SM）以及心血管疾病生物标志物的影响。超重/肥胖青少年（=118；体重指数≥第 85 百分位；年龄 12-17 岁）被随机分为以下 1 组，进行 6 个月的治疗（每周 3 天，每周 180 分钟）：有氧运动组（=38）、抗阻运动组（=40）或有氧与抗阻运动结合组（=40）。在考虑年龄、性别和基线值后，与抗阻运动组和联合组相比，有氧运动组的体重下降幅度更大（<0.05）。仅有氧运动组的全身和局部 SAT 减少（<0.05），下肢 SAT 的减少幅度（=0.02）大于联合组。所有组的 VAT 均减少（<0.01），组间无差异。抗阻运动和联合组的总 SM 和局部 SM 质量均显著增加，而有氧运动组没有增加。虽然所有运动方式都能有效减少 VAT，但有氧运动在减少全身和局部 SAT 方面更有效，而在增加肥胖青少年的 SM 方面效果较差。尽管 VAT 减少，但颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度和颈动脉内中膜厚度在两种运动方式下均未改善。Clinicaltrials.gov 标识符：NCT01938950。有规律的运动（每周 180 分钟）与独立于运动方式的内脏脂肪减少有关。单独的抗阻运动和抗阻与有氧运动的结合在增加 SM 质量方面同样有效。
