Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
Universidad Simón Bolívar, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Barranquilla, Colombia
Curr Pharm Des. 2020;26(35):4496-4508. doi: 10.2174/1381612826666200716161610.
Aging is a time-dependent inevitable process, in which cellular homeostasis is affected, which has an impact on tissue function. This represents a risk factor for the development of numerous non-transmissible diseases. In consequence, the scientific community continues to search for therapeutic measures capable of improving quality of life and delaying cellular aging. At the center of this research is metformin, a widely used drug in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus treatment that has a reduced adverse effects profile. Furthermore, there is evidence that this drug has beneficial health effects that go beyond its anti-hyperglycemic properties. Among these effects, its geronto-protection capability stands out. There is growing evidence that points out to an increased life expectancy as well as the quality of life in model organisms treated with metformin. Therefore, there is an abundance of research centered on elucidating the mechanism through which metformin has its anti-aging effects. Among these, the AMPK, mTORC1, SIRT1, FOXO, NF.kB, and DICER1 pathways can be mentioned. Furthermore, studies have highlighted the possibility of a role for the gut microbiome in these processes. The next step is the design of clinical essays that have as a goal evaluating the efficacy and safety of metformin as an anti-aging drug in humans to create a paradigm in the medical horizon. The question being if metformin is, in fact, the new antiaging therapy in humans?
衰老是一个与时间相关的不可避免的过程，在此过程中细胞内稳态受到影响，从而影响组织功能。这是许多非传染性疾病发展的一个风险因素。因此，科学界一直在寻找能够提高生活质量和延缓细胞衰老的治疗措施。在这项研究的中心是二甲双胍，一种广泛用于治疗 2 型糖尿病的药物，其不良反应谱较低。此外，有证据表明，这种药物具有有益的健康影响，超出了其降血糖作用。在这些影响中，其抗衰老能力尤为突出。越来越多的证据表明，二甲双胍治疗的模型生物的预期寿命和生活质量都有所提高。因此，有大量的研究集中在阐明二甲双胍发挥其抗衰老作用的机制上。其中可以提到 AMPK、mTORC1、SIRT1、FOXO、NF.kB 和 DICER1 途径。此外，研究还强调了肠道微生物组在这些过程中可能发挥作用的可能性。下一步是设计临床试验，以评估二甲双胍作为抗衰老药物在人类中的疗效和安全性，在医学领域中开创一个范例。问题是二甲双胍是否真的是人类的新型抗衰老疗法？
