Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Curr Opin Oncol. 2020 Sep;32(5):527-534. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000655.
In this review, we provide an overview of the recent developments and prospects on the applications of blood-based liquid biopsies, including circulating tumor DNA and circulating tumor cells, in metastatic prostate cancer.
Guidelines and consensus statements have been formulated to standardize preanalytical conditions that affect liquid biopsy analysis. Currently, there are four FDA approved assays for the analysis of liquid biopsies and many quantitative and qualitative assays are being developed. Comprehensive analyses of cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) demonstrate that they adequately reflect the genomic makeup of the tumor and may thus complement or even replace tumor biopsies. The assessment of genomic aberrations in ctDNA can potentially predict therapy response and detect mechanisms of resistance. CTC count is not only a strong prognosticator in metastatic prostate cancer but can also measure therapy response.
Liquid biopsies may provide a temporal snapshot of the biologic variables that affect tumor growth and progression in metastatic prostate cancer. Liquid biopsies could inform on prognostic, predictive, and response measures. However, prospective clinical trials need to be performed to provide definitive validation of the clinical value of the most advanced assays.
在这篇综述中，我们概述了近年来血液液体活检，包括循环肿瘤 DNA 和循环肿瘤细胞，在转移性前列腺癌中的应用的最新进展和前景。
已经制定了指南和共识声明来规范影响液体活检分析的预分析条件。目前，有四种 FDA 批准的用于分析液体活检的检测方法，并且正在开发许多定量和定性检测方法。对游离肿瘤 DNA（ctDNA）和循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）的综合分析表明，它们充分反映了肿瘤的基因组构成，因此可以补充甚至替代肿瘤活检。ctDNA 中基因组异常的评估有可能预测治疗反应并检测耐药机制。CTC 计数不仅是转移性前列腺癌的强烈预后指标，还可以衡量治疗反应。
液体活检可能提供影响转移性前列腺癌肿瘤生长和进展的生物学变量的时间快照。液体活检可以提供预后、预测和反应措施的信息。然而，需要进行前瞻性临床试验，以对最先进检测方法的临床价值提供明确的验证。
