Martín Del Campo-Ríos Jaime, Cruz-Torres Christian Enrique
Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Sociales y Administración, División Multidisciplinaria de Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, Mexico.
Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus León, León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
PeerJ. 2020 Jul 2;8:e9162. doi: 10.7717/peerj.9162. eCollection 2020.
The city of Juárez, Mexico has been immersed in an atmosphere of violence and danger for more than a decade. Due to this violence, residents of Juárez may be at risk of severe contextual victimization, which occurs when individuals are indirectly affected by the physical and socio-cultural conditions of their violent communities through second-hand information (e.g., witnessing or hearing about violent acts in their everyday life). The objective of this study was to explore the effects of contextual victimization on variables related to community violence such as aggression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and acceptance of violence. Data were collected from a sample of university students in Juárez ( = 298) using the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ), the Acceptance of Violence Scale (AVS), Checklist for PTSD Traits scale, and the Contextual Victimization by Community Violence scale (CVCV). Participants' responses were analyzed in structural equation models (SEM) to uncover the latent variables behind each scale and test the hypothesized effects of CVCV on PTSD, AQ and AVS. Good validity indexes and internal consistency of all instruments were confirmed. SEM show significant positive effects of contextual violence on PTSD and PTSD on the disposition to aggression, but not on the acceptance of violence. Also, the variance explained of PTSD and AQ found in the sample of women (20% of PTSD and 23% of AQ) is almost twice than in men's sample (9% for PTSD and 14% for AQ).
墨西哥华雷斯市十多年来一直笼罩在暴力和危险的氛围中。由于这种暴力，华雷斯市的居民可能面临严重的情境性受害风险，即个体通过二手信息（如在日常生活中目睹或听闻暴力行为）受到其暴力社区的物理和社会文化条件的间接影响时所发生的情况。本研究的目的是探讨情境性受害对与社区暴力相关变量的影响，如攻击性、创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和对暴力的接受程度。使用攻击性问卷（AQ）、暴力接受量表（AVS）、PTSD特质清单量表和社区暴力情境性受害量表（CVCV），从华雷斯市的大学生样本（n = 298）中收集数据。在结构方程模型（SEM）中分析参与者的回答，以揭示每个量表背后的潜在变量，并检验CVCV对PTSD、AQ和AVS的假设影响。所有工具的良好效度指标和内部一致性得到确认。SEM显示情境性暴力对PTSD有显著正向影响，PTSD对攻击性倾向有显著正向影响，但对暴力接受程度没有显著影响。此外，在女性样本中发现的PTSD和AQ的方差解释率（PTSD为20%，AQ为23%）几乎是男性样本（PTSD为9%，AQ为14%）的两倍。
