Universidade de São Paulo and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino, Brazil.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2020 Sep;53(4):2215-2232. doi: 10.1002/jaba.744. Epub 2020 Jul 16.
The present study investigated whether the Go/No-Go procedure with compound stimuli produces emergent relations among dictated words (A), pictures (B), and printed words (C) and the emergence of textual behavior (CD) using a multiple probe design across word sets. Three preschool children were exposed to 4 phases: (1) pretests for BC, CB, and CD relations, (2) pretraining with known stimuli, (3) AB and AC training, and (4) posttests for BC, CB, and CD relations. During AB and AC training, responses to A1B1, A2B2, A1C1, and A2C2 compound stimuli, but not to A1B2, A2B1, A1C2, and A2C1, were reinforced. The results showed that all participants met the learning criterion and demonstrated emergence of BC and CB relations (i.e., relations between pictures and printed words), and CD relations (i.e., textual behavior) after training. These results suggest that the Go/No-Go procedure with compound stimuli is an effective alternative for establishing reading comprehension.
本研究采用跨词集的多项探针设计,考察了在复合刺激的 Go/No-Go 程序中,是否会在被试者的头脑中产生单词(A)、图片(B)和印刷文字(C)之间的衍生关系,以及文本行为(CD)的衍生。该研究纳入了 3 名学龄前儿童,他们经历了以下 4 个阶段:(1)BC、CB 和 CD 关系的预测试,(2)已知刺激的预训练,(3)AB 和 AC 训练,以及(4)BC、CB 和 CD 关系的后测试。在 AB 和 AC 训练期间,对 A1B1、A2B2、A1C1 和 A2C2 复合刺激的反应得到了强化,但对 A1B2、A2B1、A1C2 和 A2C1 的反应没有得到强化。结果表明,所有参与者都达到了学习标准,并在训练后表现出了 BC 和 CB 关系(即图片和印刷文字之间的关系)和 CD 关系(即文本行为)的衍生。这些结果表明,复合刺激的 Go/No-Go 程序是建立阅读理解的一种有效替代方法。