Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Sri Vasavi Engineering College, Tadepalligudeam 534101, India.
Department of Communications and Networks Engineering, College of Engineering, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia.
Sensors (Basel). 2020 Jul 15;20(14):3940. doi: 10.3390/s20143940.
Multi-Agent Systems can support e-Healthcare applications for improving quality of life of citizens. In this direction, we propose a healthcare system architecture named smart healthcare city. First, we divide a given city into various zones and then we propose a zonal level three-layered system architecture. Further, for effectiveness we introduce a Multi-Agent System (MAS) in this three-layered architecture. Protecting sensitive health information of citizens is a major security concern. Group key agreement (GKA) is the corner stone for securely sharing the healthcare data among the healthcare stakeholders of the city. For establishing GKA, many efficient cryptosystems are available in the classical field. However, they are yet dependent on the supposition that some computational problems are infeasible. In light of quantum mechanics, a new field emerges to share a secret key among two or more members. The unbreakable and highly secure features of key agreement based on fundamental laws of physics allow us to propose a Quantum GKA (QGKA) technique based on renowned Quantum Diffie-Hellman (QDH). In this, a node acts as a Group Controller (GC) and forms 2-party groups with remaining nodes, establishing a QDH-style shared key per each two-party. It then joins these keys into a single group key by means of a XOR-operation, acting as a usual group node. Furthermore, we extend the QGKA to Dynamic QGKA (DQGKA) by adding join and leave protocol. Our protocol performance was compared with existing QGKA protocols in terms of Qubit efficiency (QE), unitary operation (UO), unitary operation efficiency (UOE), key consistency check (KCC), security against participants attack (SAP) and satisfactory results were obtained. The security analysis of the proposed technique is based on unconditional security of QDH. Moreover, it is secured against internal and external attack. In this way, e-healthcare Multi-Agent System can be robust against future quantum-based attacks.
多智能体系统可以支持电子医疗保健应用，以提高公民的生活质量。在这个方向上，我们提出了一个名为智能医疗城市的医疗系统架构。首先，我们将给定的城市划分为不同的区域，然后提出了一个区域级的三层系统架构。此外，为了提高效率，我们在这个三层架构中引入了多智能体系统（MAS）。保护公民的敏感健康信息是一个主要的安全问题。组密钥协议（GKA）是安全共享城市医疗保健利益相关者的医疗数据的基石。为了建立 GKA，在经典领域有许多高效的密码系统。然而，它们仍然依赖于一些计算问题不可行的假设。根据量子力学，一个新的领域出现了，用于在两个或更多成员之间共享一个密钥。基于物理基本定律的密钥协议的不可破解性和高度安全性使我们能够提出一种基于著名的量子 Diffie-Hellman（QDH）的量子 GKA（QGKA）技术。在这种情况下，一个节点充当组控制器（GC），并与其余节点形成 2 方组，为每个两方建立 QDH 风格的共享密钥。然后，它通过 XOR 操作将这些密钥加入到一个单一的组密钥中，充当通常的组节点。此外，我们通过添加加入和离开协议将 QGKA 扩展到动态 QGKA（DQGKA）。我们的协议性能与现有的 QGKA 协议在量子效率（QE）、幺正操作（UO）、幺正操作效率（UOE）、密钥一致性检查（KCC）、对参与者攻击的安全性（SAP）等方面进行了比较，并得到了满意的结果。所提出技术的安全性分析基于 QDH 的无条件安全性。此外，它还受到内部和外部攻击的保护。这样，电子医疗保健多智能体系统可以抵御未来基于量子的攻击。
