Sorjonen Kimmo, Melin Bo
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
PeerJ. 2020 Jul 3;8:e9490. doi: 10.7717/peerj.9490. eCollection 2020.
According to Spearman's law of diminishing returns (SLODR), IQ test scores are more saturated among those with low, compared to those with high, ability. The present simulation shows that such difference in saturation can be observed if test scores are affected by a disturbing factor, for example, low motivation, illness, or linguistic confusion, that varies in magnitude between individuals. More contemporary criteria of SLODR can also be satisfied if test scores are affected by disturbance, especially if the disturbance variable is negatively skewed. This indicates a possible threat against the validity of findings supporting SLODR and points at the importance for researchers to try to eliminate the influence of such disturbing factors from their studies.
根据斯皮尔曼收益递减定律（SLODR），与高能力者相比，低能力者的智商测试分数饱和度更高。本模拟表明，如果测试分数受到干扰因素（例如个体之间程度不同的低动机、疾病或语言混乱）的影响，就可以观察到这种饱和度差异。如果测试分数受到干扰影响，特别是干扰变量呈负偏态分布时，斯皮尔曼收益递减定律的更多当代标准也能得到满足。这表明支持斯皮尔曼收益递减定律的研究结果的有效性可能受到威胁，并指出研究人员试图从他们的研究中消除此类干扰因素影响的重要性。
