Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Neurobiol Aging. 2020 Oct;94:271-280. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.06.012. Epub 2020 Jun 19.
Subjective memory complaints (SMCs) may be an important early indicator of cognitive aging and preclinical Alzheimer's disease risk. This study investigated whether age-related differences in right or left hippocampal volume underlie SMCs, if these relationships differ by hypertension status, and how they are related to objective memory performance in a group of 190 healthy older adults, 50-89 years of age. Analyses revealed a significant mediation of the relationship between age and mild SMCs by right hippocampal volume that was moderated by hypertension status. This moderated mediation effect was not observed with left hippocampal volume. Additionally, a moderated serial mediation model showed that age predicted right hippocampal volume, which predicted SMCs, and in turn predicted objective memory performance on several measures of verbal selective reminding in individuals with hypertension, but not in non-hypertensives. Together, these findings suggest that even mild SMCs, in the context of hypertension, provide an early indicator of cognitive aging, reflecting a potential link among vascular risk, SMCs, and the preclinical risk for Alzheimer's disease.
主观记忆抱怨 (SMCs) 可能是认知老化和临床前阿尔茨海默病风险的重要早期指标。本研究调查了右或左海马体积的年龄相关差异是否是 SMCs 的基础，如果这些关系因高血压状况而异，以及它们如何与一组 190 名健康老年人的客观记忆表现相关，年龄在 50-89 岁之间。分析显示，右海马体积对年龄和轻度 SMCs 之间关系的中介作用显著，而高血压状况对此具有调节作用。这种调节中介效应在左海马体积中没有观察到。此外，一个调节连续中介模型表明，年龄预测右海马体积，右海马体积预测 SMCs，而 SMCs 反过来又预测高血压个体的几种言语选择性提醒措施的客观记忆表现，但在非高血压个体中则没有。总之，这些发现表明，即使是轻度的 SMCs，在高血压的情况下，也提供了认知老化的早期指标，反映了血管风险、SMC 和阿尔茨海默病临床前风险之间的潜在联系。
