Rodríguez-Madrid María Nieves, Del Río-Lozano María, Fernández-Peña Rosario, Elizalde-Sagardia Belén, García-Calvente María Del Mar
Fundación para la Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental (FIBAO), Granada, España.
Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada, España; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada ibs. GRANADA, Granada, España.
Gac Sanit. 2021 Nov-Dec;35(6):515-524. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.05.011. Epub 2020 Jul 18.
To compare the composition and functionality of social support of personal networks of caregivers of Granada and Gipuzkoa (Spain) according to sex and province.
Cross-sectional study with personal network analysis methodology. A sample of 66 caregivers segmented by sex in each province was selected. We collected variables of composition, functional and relational content in social support of 1,650 personal relationships of the networks studied. The EgoNet software was used for the collection, analysis and graphic representation of the networks. The association of the characteristics of the network with sex (of the caregivers and those who make up their networks) was measured, using Chi-square. The links within the networks were analyzed.
The networks of caregivers in Granada are more feminized than those in Gipuzkoa. The women of Gipuzkoa have less familiar networks than those of Granada and with a greater number of relationships among the people who support them. They also have more support from men than women in all the tasks analyzed, except in attention to the disease. In both provinces, male caregivers show in their networks more women who help in specific care tasks than men. Only in activities outside the home in Granada there are more men who help than women (76.1% vs. 57%; p=0.026).
Gender differences between provinces can be seen in the composition of the networks and in the way in which men and women receive and offer support in care.
根据性别和省份比较西班牙格拉纳达和吉普斯夸地区照顾者个人网络的社会支持构成及功能。
采用个人网络分析方法的横断面研究。在每个省份选取了66名按性别划分的照顾者样本。我们收集了所研究网络中1650段个人关系的社会支持的构成、功能及关系内容变量。使用EgoNet软件对网络进行收集、分析和图形展示。采用卡方检验来衡量网络特征与（照顾者及其网络成员的）性别的关联。对网络中的联系进行了分析。
格拉纳达的照顾者网络比吉普斯夸的更女性化。吉普斯夸的女性照顾者的亲属网络比格拉纳达的少，且在给予支持的人群中关系更多。除了疾病护理方面，在所有分析的任务中，她们从男性那里得到的支持比从女性那里得到的更多。在两个省份，男性照顾者的网络中，在特定护理任务中提供帮助的女性比男性更多。只有在格拉纳达的户外事务中，提供帮助的男性比女性多（76.1%对57%；p = 0.026）。
在网络构成以及男性和女性在护理中接受和提供支持的方式上，可以看到不同省份之间存在性别差异。
