Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India.
Department of Biostatistics, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2022 Jan;23(1):288-300. doi: 10.1177/1524838020939126. Epub 2020 Jul 23.
Psychological traumatic life events (TLEs) and resilience, both are multidimensional, complex, and share salient features. Both are products of individual, familial, and environmental (socio-cultural-political contextual) variables, which is very crucial in children and adolescents. This systematic review used Boolean search strategies in electronic databases, namely, PubMED, PsycNET, JStor, and Google scholar. All researches not studying resilience per se but similar or related constructs such as life strengths, hardiness, protective/risk factors, social support, self-efficacy, social-emotional adjustment, and so on were excluded. A total of 12 resilience tools meant for children between 5 and 18 years were reviewed. The scale characteristics were analyzed in terms of targeted age-group of sample; purpose (i.e. screening and profiling for intervention); number of items; purpose/type of scale; year, country, and domain wise distribution; response format, standardization sample profile; psychometric properties; and availability of manual with norms of cutoff score. Although no scale was originally developed for children and adolescent population with history of TLEs particularly various forms of abuse and trauma, Child and Youth Resilience Measure and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale had small samples of children from welfare homes. Neither did any scale tested the divergent validity against absence of any psychopathology or global functioning or poor quality of life Nor did Majority of scales provide a cutoff value for institutionalized children and adolescents with history of TLEs; therefore, using an existing scale for this purpose should be carefully examined. Trauma-focused multidimensionality in resilience needs to be explored more rigorously through mixed methods.
心理创伤性生活事件（TLEs）和韧性都是多维的、复杂的，并且具有显著的共同特征。它们都是个体、家庭和环境（社会文化政治背景）变量的产物，这在儿童和青少年中非常关键。本系统评价使用了电子数据库中的布尔搜索策略，即 PubMed、PsycNET、JStor 和 Google Scholar。所有研究都不是专门研究韧性本身，而是类似或相关的结构，如生活力量、坚韧、保护/风险因素、社会支持、自我效能、社会情感调整等，都被排除在外。共审查了 12 种针对 5 至 18 岁儿童的韧性工具。根据样本的目标年龄组、目的（即干预的筛选和评估）、项目数量、目的/类型的量表、年限、国家和领域分布、反应格式、标准化样本概况、心理计量特性以及手册和常模得分的可用性来分析量表特征。虽然没有一个量表是专门为有 TLE 病史的儿童和青少年人群，特别是各种形式的虐待和创伤而开发的，但儿童和青年韧性量表和 Connor-Davidson 韧性量表有来自福利院的少量儿童样本。没有一个量表测试了与不存在任何精神病理学、整体功能或生活质量差的发散有效性，也没有大多数量表为有 TLE 病史的机构化儿童和青少年提供了一个截断值；因此，出于这个目的使用现有的量表应该仔细检查。需要通过混合方法更严格地探索韧性中的创伤多维性。
